Divulging the social sex change mechanism in a unique model system for studying the sexual plasticity of protogynous hermaphrodite fish, three bamboo leaf wrasse (Pseudolabrus sieboldi)
Divulging the social sex change mechanism in a unique model system for studying the sexual plasticity of protogynous hermaphrodite fish, three bamboo leaf wrasse (Pseudolabrus sieboldi)
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2022.1048506
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发表时间：
2022-12
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Chakraborty;Yume Yamamoto;Shoma Hanai;M. Hirano;S. Mohapatra;A. Yamaguchi;T. Takeda;M. Matsuyama;K. Ohta
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Chakraborty;Yume Yamamoto;Shoma Hanai;M. Hirano;S. Mohapatra;A. Yamaguchi;T. Takeda;M. Matsuyama;K. Ohta
脊椎动物的性腺性命运要么是由遗传或环境决定的，要么是两种因素的结合。有趣的是，在序贯雌雄同体中，动物一生中可以经历从雌性到雄性、雄性到雌性和双向的自然性别变化。这种变化表现了卵子发生和精子发生之间的转换过程，被认为是性可塑性的一个理想例子。为建立研究雌雄先熟鱼类性可塑性的实验模型，以苏氏拟隆头鱼为研究对象，确定了诱导其性别变化的社会条件。当六个女性被关在一起在一个坦克，最大的女性成为男性，而类似的转换没有发生时，只有两个女性在一个坦克。半性腺切除分析证实了性腺性别和体色之间的直接关系。在西氏原螯虾中，性别的变化是由群体中个体的相对体型控制的，而不是绝对体型。当6只雌性动物饲养在较小的水箱中时，观察到延迟的性别变化或不变的个体。总体而言，超过90%的最大雌性动物在与5只较小的雌性动物一起饲养在80至500 L的不同尺寸的水箱中后表现出性别变化。此外，使用透明屏障的实验表明，视觉刺激是启动性别变化的主要线索之一。我们的研究结果的实验室条件下，导致启动性别变化的濑鱼建议的有用性，这个物种作为一个模式生物比较研究的分子，细胞和生理机制的性可塑性，以及社会和生殖行为。
The gonadal sexual fate of vertebrates is either defined by genetics or environment, or a combination of both factors. Interestingly, in sequential hermaphroditism, the animal can undergo natural sex changes from female-to-male, male-to-female, and bidirectional way throughout their lives. This change exhibits the process which shifts between oogenesis and spermatogenesis and is regarded as an ideal instance of sexual plasticity. To develop the experimental model for studying the sexual plasticity of protogynous fish, the social conditions that induce sex changes were defined in wrasse, Pseudolabrus sieboldi. When six females were kept together in a tank, the largest female became a male, whereas a similar conversion did not occur when only two females were present in a tank. A semi-gonadectomy analysis developed in the present study verified the direct relationship between gonadal sex and body coloration. In P. sieboldi, the sex change is controlled by the relative body size of an individual within a group, rather than by absolute body size. When six females were kept in smaller sized tanks, delayed sex change or unchanged individuals was observed. Overall, more than 90% of the largest females demonstrated sex change after being housed with five smaller females in different sizes of tanks ranging from 80 to 500 L. Furthermore, the experiment using a transparent barrier suggested that visual stimuli are one of the major cues to initiate sex change. Our findings on the laboratory conditions leading to the initiation of sex change in wrasse suggest the usefulness of this species as a model organism for comparative studies in molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms of sexual plasticity, as well as on social and reproductive behaviors.