The use of social media within the global disaster alert and coordination system (GDACS)
The use of social media within the global disaster alert and coordination system (GDACS)
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在全球灾害警报和协调系统（GDACS）中使用社交媒体
DOI：
10.1145/2187980.2188185
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Groeve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Stollberg;T. Groeve
全球灾害警报和协调系统(GDACS)收集近乎实时的灾害信息，为地震、海啸、热带气旋、洪水和火山提供全球多种灾害警报。GDACS警报基于物理灾难参数的计算，供应急人员使用。2011年，欧盟委员会联合研究中心(JRC)开始探索社交媒体是否以及如何能够成为国际救灾的另一个宝贵数据来源。问题是，是否可以通过使用社交媒体工具和数据来提高对灾难后情况的认识。为了探索这一点，司法与合作委员会开发了一个推特账户和脸书页面，用于传播全球数据和通信系统警报，一个用于监测信息的推特解析器，以及一个用于信息交流的移动应用程序。本文给出了推特解析器和数据分析的中间结果，结果表明，对推特提要(所谓的推文)的解析可以提供有关灾害的副作用、灾害的感知影响和受灾人口反应的重要信息。最重要的结果是，在地震发生后半小时内，在任何大众媒体报道倒塌之前，就通过推文检测到了倒塌建筑物的影响信息。
The Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) collects near real-time hazard information to provide global multi-hazard disaster alerting for earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones, floods and volcanoes. GDACS alerts are based on calculations from physical disaster parameters and used by emergency responders. In 2011, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission started exploring if and how social media could be an additional valuable data source for international disaster response. The question is if awareness of the situation after a disaster could be improved by the use of social media tools and data. In order to explore this, JRC developed a Twitter account and Facebook page for the dissemination of GDACS alerts, a Twitter parser for the monitoring of information and a mobile application for information exchange. This paper presents the Twitter parser and the intermediate results of the data analysis which shows that the parsing of Twitter feeds (so-called tweets) can provide important information about side effects of disasters, on the perceived impact of a hazard and on the reaction of the affected population. The most important result is that impact information on collapsed buildings were detected through tweets within the first half an hour after an earthquake occurred and before any mass media reported the collapse.