Standard deviation and standard error of the mean.
Standard deviation and standard error of the mean.
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DOI：
10.4097/kjae.2015.68.3.220
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lee S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee DK;In J;Lee S
在大多数临床和实验研究中，标准差（SD）和平均值的估计标准误（SEM）用于表示样本数据的特征并解释统计分析结果。然而，一些作者偶尔混淆了SD和SEM在医学文献中的不同用法。由于SD和SEM的计算过程包括不同的统计推断，因此它们都有自己的含义。SD是数据在正态分布中的离差。换句话说，SD表示平均值代表样本数据的准确程度。然而，SEM的含义包括基于抽样分布的统计推断。SEM是样本平均值的理论分布（抽样分布）的SD。虽然SD或SEM都可以用来描述数据和统计结果，但人们应该知道使用SD和SEM的合理方法。我们的目的是阐明SD和SEM之间的区别，并提供适当的使用指南，总结数据和描述统计结果。
In most clinical and experimental studies, the standard deviation (SD) and the estimated standard error of the mean (SEM) are used to present the characteristics of sample data and to explain statistical analysis results. However, some authors occasionally muddle the distinctive usage between the SD and SEM in medical literature. Because the process of calculating the SD and SEM includes different statistical inferences, each of them has its own meaning. SD is the dispersion of data in a normal distribution. In other words, SD indicates how accurately the mean represents sample data. However the meaning of SEM includes statistical inference based on the sampling distribution. SEM is the SD of the theoretical distribution of the sample means (the sampling distribution). While either SD or SEM can be applied to describe data and statistical results, one should be aware of reasonable methods with which to use SD and SEM. We aim to elucidate the distinctions between SD and SEM and to provide proper usage guidelines for both, which summarize data and describe statistical results.