Breast Tissue Composition and Its Dependence on Demographic Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: Non-Invasive Assessment by Time Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy
Breast Tissue Composition and Its Dependence on Demographic Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: Non-Invasive Assessment by Time Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0128941
复制
发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cubeddu, Rinaldo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taroni, Paola;Quarto, Giovanna;Cubeddu, Rinaldo
研究背景乳腺组织成分被认为是乳腺癌的重要独立危险因素。这是一种可遗传的特征，但也受到其他几个因素(如年龄、更年期)的显著影响。如今，它是通过乳房X光照相密度来量化的，因此需要使用电离辐射。由于光学技术对组织成分和结构的敏感性，光学技术在生物组织的研究中是绝对无创的，已经被证明是有效的。方法对200名受试者在7个波长(635-1060 nm)进行时间域漫反射光谱分析，得出他们的乳房组织组成(水分、脂肪和胶原含量)、血液参数(总血红蛋白含量和血氧饱和度水平)和微观结构信息(散射幅度和功率)。结果年轻年龄、绝经前状态、较低的体重指数和口服避孕药的使用均对应显著较高的水分、胶原蛋白和总血红蛋白含量，较低的脂肪含量(总是p<；0.05和经常p<；10(-4))，而血氧饱和度和散射参数仅在某些条件下表现出显著的依赖关系。即使将年龄调整后的受试者分组进行比较，几个光学派生参数(尤其是胶原和总血红蛋白含量)仍然存在显著差异。结论时间域漫反射光谱分析可以无创探测乳腺组织的成分和生理血液参数，并提供组织结构的信息。该测量适用于活体研究和监测乳房组织的变化(例如，随着年龄、生活方式、化疗等的变化)。并深入了解相关过程，例如与乳房密度相关的癌症风险的来源。
BackgroundBreast tissue composition is recognized as a strong and independent risk factor for breast cancer. It is a heritable feature, but is also significantly affected by several other elements (e.g., age, menopause). Nowadays it is quantified by mammographic density, thus requiring the use of ionizing radiation. Optical techniques are absolutely non-invasive and have already proved effective in the investigation of biological tissues, as they are sensitive to tissue composition and structure.MethodsTime domain diffuse optical spectroscopy was performed at 7 wavelengths (635-1060 nm) on 200 subjects to derive their breast tissue composition (in terms of water, lipid and collagen content), blood parameters (total hemoglobin content and oxygen saturation level), and information on the microscopic structure (scattering amplitude and power). The dependence of all optically-derived parameters on age, menopausal status, body mass index, and use of oral contraceptives, and the correlation with mammographic density were investigated.ResultsYounger age, premenopausal status, lower body mass index values, and use of oral contraceptives all correspond to significantly higher water, collagen and total hemoglobin content, and lower lipid content (always p < 0.05 and often p < 10(-4)), while oxygen saturation level and scattering parameters show significant dependence only on some conditions. Even when age-adjusted groups of subjects are compared, several optically derived parameters (and in particular always collagen and total hemoglobin content) remain significantly different.ConclusionsTime domain diffuse optical spectroscopy can probe non-invasively breast tissue composition and physiologic blood parameters, and provide information on tissue structure. The measurement is suitable for in vivo studies and monitoring of changes in breast tissue (e.g., with age, lifestyle, chemotherapy, etc.) and to gain insight into related processes, like the origin of cancer risk associated with breast density.