Socio-cultural practices may have affected sex differences in stature in Early Neolithic Europe
Socio-cultural practices may have affected sex differences in stature in Early Neolithic Europe
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DOI：
10.1038/s41562-023-01756-w
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发表时间：
2023-12-11
影响因子：
29.9
通讯作者：
Mathieson，Iain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox，Samantha L.;Nicklisch，Nicole;Mathieson，Iain
人类文化的规则和结构对健康的影响与遗传或环境的影响一样大。为了研究这些关系，我们结合古代 DNA (n= 230)、骨骼指标 (n= 391)、古病理学 (n= 606) 和饮食稳定同位素 (n= 873) 来分析中北部、中南部、巴尔干和地中海地区新石器时代早期欧洲人的身高变化。在中北欧，稳定同位素和线性牙釉质发育不全表明性别之间的环境压力较高，但尽管多基因评分与男性相同，但女性身材较低，这表明文化因素优先支持男性从压力中恢复。在地中海人口中，性别二态性减少，表明男性容易受到压力，并且对男性没有强烈的文化偏好。我们的分析表明，性别不平等的生物效应至少早在 7000 年前就可以与文化影响联系起来，而在新石器时代早期的欧洲，文化比环境或遗传学更能推动身高差异。
The rules and structure of human culture impact health as much as genetics or environment. To study these relationships, we combine ancient DNA (n= 230), skeletal metrics (n= 391), palaeopathology (n= 606) and dietary stable isotopes (n= 873) to analyse stature variation in Early Neolithic Europeans from North Central, South Central, Balkan and Mediterranean regions. In North Central Europe, stable isotopes and linear enamel hypoplasias indicate high environmental stress across sexes, but female stature is low, despite polygenic scores identical to males, and suggests that cultural factors preferentially supported male recovery from stress. In Mediterranean populations, sexual dimorphism is reduced, indicating male vulnerability to stress and no strong cultural preference for males. Our analysis indicates that biological effects of sex-specific inequities can be linked to cultural influences at least as early as 7,000 yr ago, and culture, more than environment or genetics, drove height disparities in Early Neolithic Europe.