Changes in the retrievability of associations to elements of the compound CS determine the expression of overshadowing
Changes in the retrievability of associations to elements of the compound CS determine the expression of overshadowing
复制标题
复合 CS 元素关联可检索性的变化决定了遮蔽的表达
DOI：
10.3758/bf03205253
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Spear
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James S. Miller;J. A. Jagielo;N. Spear
在两项实验中，大鼠分别接受单独的味觉条件刺激 (CS)、单独的气味 CS 或气味-味觉化合物，然后注射氯化锂。在调理后 1 天进行测试时，有证据表明气味暗示掩盖了味道的调理作用；然而，尽管只接受单一元素（味觉）的动物的厌恶强度并未减弱，但在较长（21天）的保留间隔后，没有迹象表明存在遮蔽作用。在 1 天的保留间隔观察到的遮蔽不是相互的。单独使用气味 CS 或复合 CS 调节的大鼠表现出相当强度的气味厌恶——也就是说，没有遮盖气味。然而，与味觉厌恶相反，在 21 天的保留间隔后，味觉对气味的调节作用明显被掩盖。这些数据并没有反映被掩盖的刺激未能获得联想强度，而是表明，随着时间的推移，由于习得的关联的相对可检索性发生变化，掩盖可能会被表达或不表达。
In two experiments, rats were presented with a taste conditioned stimulus (CS) alone, an odor CS alone, or an odor-taste compound followed by lithium chloride injection. When tested 1 day following conditioning, there was evidence that the odor cue overshadowed conditioning to the taste; however, there was no indication of overshadowing following a longer (21-day) retention interval, despite undiminished strength of the aversion in animals conditioned with only the single element (taste). The overshadowing observed at the 1-day retention interval was not reciprocal. Rats conditioned with the odor CS alone or with the compound CS expressed odor aversions of comparable strength—that is, no overshadowing. However, in contrast to the taste aversion, overshadowing of conditioning to the odor by taste was evident following a 21-day retention interval. Rather than reflecting a failure of the overshadowed stimulus to acquire associative strength, these data suggest that overshadowing may be expressed, or not expressed, as a result of changes in the relative retrievability of learned associations over time.