Disfavoring Mechanochemical Reactions by Stress-Induced Steric Hindrance.

Disfavoring Mechanochemical Reactions by Stress-Induced Steric Hindrance.
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应力诱导的空间位阻不利于机械化学反应

DOI:
10.1021/ct501058a
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
D. Marx
D. Marx
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Krupicka;D. Marx

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利用超声、力谱或分子力探针对共价键进行机械化学活化通常会降低活化能,从而加速反应。然而,众所周知,对复杂分子施加机械力不仅会拉伸共价键,还会扭曲承载活化键的分子骨架,从而导致非单调行为作为力的函数。本文引入并验证了Bell-Taft模型,该模型对活化能的非线性影响进行了合理化和量化,包括由力引起的构象畸变引起的空间位阻从低力的捕获键到滑移键的转变。该模型的完全参数化版本完全依赖于易于获取的零力数据,从而允许人们定性地探索复杂设置中机械引起的反应性变化。
Mechanochemical activation of covalent bonds using sonication, force spectroscopy, or molecular force probes usually lowers activation energies and thus accelerates reactions. However, applying mechanical forces to complex molecules is known to not only stretch covalent bonds but also to distort the molecular skeleton that hosts the activated bonds–leading to nonmonotonous behavior as a function of force. Here, the Bell–Taft model is introduced and validated which both rationalizes and quantifies such nonlinear effects on activation energies, including the transition from catch bonds at low forces to slip binding, in terms of steric hindrance caused by force-induced conformational distortions. The fully parametrized version of the model relies exclusively on readily accessible zero-force data and thus allows one to qualitatively explore mechanically induced reactivity changes in complex setups.
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