Conspecifics influence call design in the Brazilian free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis
Conspecifics influence call design in the Brazilian free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis
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DOI：
10.1139/z04-074
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Spanjer, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ratcliffe, JM;ter Hofstede, HM;Spanjer, G
巴西无尾蝙蝠Tadarida brasiliensis(Saint-Hilaire，1824)使用的叫声代表了取决于栖息地和环境的广泛的设计变化连续体，并随着蝙蝠接近空中目标而表现出叫声设计的特征变化。在这里，我们演示了共性特征对呼叫设计的影响。我们发现，随着在同一空间飞行的蝙蝠数量的增加(从单个蝙蝠和成对蝙蝠衡量)，叫声中使用的峰值频率变化更大。我们通过比较记录在一起飞行的两只蝙蝠之间的呼叫参数差异(实际对)和在不同位置单独飞行的两只蝙蝠之间的呼叫参数差异来研究这种现象，这些蝙蝠被随机分配给彼此(虚拟对)。我们发现，与虚拟蝙蝠对相比，实际蝙蝠对使用的叫声在峰值频率上的差异更大。考虑到同一空间的蝙蝠之间的这些频率差异比两个不同栖息地的蝙蝠之间的差异更大，这一结果尤其令人震惊。我们认为，这些差异表明该物种正在进行干扰规避、空中交通管制或两者兼而有之。
The Brazilian free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis (Saint-Hilaire, 1824), uses calls that represent a broad continuum of design variation which is dependent upon habitat and situation, and exhibits characteristic changes in call design as bats close in on airborne targets. Here we demonstrate the influence of conspecifics on call design. We found that the peak frequency used in calls varies more as the number of bats flying in the same space increases (measured from single bats and pairs of bats). We investigated this phenomenon through comparing call-parameter differences found between two bats recorded flying together (actual pairs) with call-parameter differences between two bats each recorded flying alone at different locations that were randomly assigned to one another (virtual pairs). We found that actual pairs of bats used calls which differed in peak frequency more so than did virtual pairs. This result is particularly striking given that these frequency differences were greater between bats in the same space than between bats in two different habitats. We argue that these differences indicate that this species is practicing jamming avoidance, air traffic control, or both.