The Impact of Eliminating Socioeconomic and Racial Disparities on Premature Cancer Deaths
The Impact of Eliminating Socioeconomic and Racial Disparities on Premature Cancer Deaths
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.20121
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Jemal, Ahmedin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siegel, Rebecca;Ward, Elizabeth;Jemal, Ahmedin
美国癌症协会每年都会估计本年度美国预计的新癌症病例和死亡人数，并根据国家癌症研究所、疾病控制和预防中心和北美中央癌症登记协会的发病率数据和国家卫生统计中心的死亡率数据汇编有关癌症发病率、死亡率和生存率的最新数据。2011年，美国预计将新增癌症病例1,596,670例，癌症死亡571,950例。男性的总体癌症发病率在2001年至2005年期间每年下降1.9%后，在最近一段时间内保持稳定；女性的发病率自1998年以来一直在以每年0.6%的速度下降。从1998年到2007年，所有种族/民族的男性和女性的癌症死亡率总体上都有所下降，但美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加土著妇女除外，她们的死亡率保持稳定。在此期间，非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔男性的癌症死亡率年降幅最大(分别为2.6%和2.5%)。自20世纪30年代以来，女性肺癌死亡率在持续上升后出现了显着下降。自1990年和1991年以来，男性和女性的总癌症死亡率有所下降，从而避免了约898,000人死于癌症。然而，这一进步并没有平等地惠及人口的所有部分；受教育程度最低的人的癌症死亡率是受教育程度最高的人的两倍多。仅在2007年，消除教育和种族差异就可能避免约37%(60,370)年龄在25岁至之间的人过早死于癌症。通过将现有的癌症控制知识应用于人口的所有部分，重点放在最低社会经济阶层的群体上，可以加速进一步的进展。《加州癌症杂志》2011；61：212-236。(C)2011年美国癌症协会。
Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 1,596,670 new cancer cases and 571,950 deaths from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2011. Overall cancer incidence rates were stable in men in the most recent time period after decreasing by 1.9% per year from 2001 to 2005; in women, incidence rates have been declining by 0.6% annually since 1998. Overall cancer death rates decreased in all racial/ethnic groups in both men and women from 1998 through 2007, with the exception of American Indian/Alaska Native women, in whom rates were stable. African American and Hispanic men showed the largest annual decreases in cancer death rates during this time period (2.6% and 2.5%, respectively). Lung cancer death rates showed a significant decline in women after continuously increasing since the 1930s. The reduction in the overall cancer death rates since 1990 in men and 1991 in women translates to the avoidance of about 898,000 deaths from cancer. However, this progress has not benefitted all segments of the population equally; cancer death rates for individuals with the least education are more than twice those of the most educated. The elimination of educational and racial disparities could potentially have avoided about 37% (60,370) of the premature cancer deaths among individuals aged 25 to 64 years in 2007 alone. Further progress can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population with an emphasis on those groups in the lowest socioeconomic bracket. CA Cancer J Clin 2011;61:212-236. (C) 2011 American Cancer Society.