Seasonal changes in the techniques employed by wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania, to feed on termites (Pseudacanthotermes spiniger).
Seasonal changes in the techniques employed by wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania, to feed on termites (Pseudacanthotermes spiniger).
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坦桑尼亚马哈勒山脉野生黑猩猩捕食白蚁（Pseudacanthotermes spiniger）的技术随季节变化。
DOI：
10.1159/000156020
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Uehara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Uehara
在很短的时间内，Mahale山脉K组的野生黑猩猩采用了一套几种技术，包括使用工具，以一种白蚁（Pseudacanthotermes spiniger）为食。他们似乎根据猎物昆虫活动的物候变化适当地使用每种技术。黑猩猩还全年从P. spiniger土丘的塔中摄入小块土壤。据推测，食土行为使它们在视觉上和触觉上意识到白蚁繁殖周期的物候变化。对黑猩猩粪便样本的分析表明，白蚁摄入量的年际波动。另一方面，B群的黑猩猩，分布在K群以北，利用捕鱼技术获得另一种白蚁（大白蚁？herus）在雨季的前半段大规模进行。粪便分析数据显示，B组黑猩猩消耗的白蚁远多于K组。本文讨论了不同单位群的黑猩猩根据其活动范围内昆虫区系的细微地方差异，采用与捕鱼相同或相似的工具使用技术来捕食不同类型昆虫的可能性。
During a short period, wild chimpanzees of group K in the Mahale Mountains employ a set of several techniques, including tool use, to feed on one species of termite (Pseudacanthotermes spiniger). They appear to use each technique appropriately according to phenological changes in the prey insect's activities. The chimpanzees also ingest small pieces of soil from the tower of P. spiniger's mound throughout the year. Geophagy presumably makes them visually and tactually aware of the phenological changes of the termite's reproductive cycle. Analyses of fecal samples from the chimpanzees indicate interannual fluctuations in the amount of termites ingested. On the other hand, the chimpanzees of group B, ranging to the north of group K, utilize a fishing technique to obtain another type of termite (Macrotermes?herus) on a large scale during the first half of the wet season. Fecal analysis data show that chimpanzees of group B consume far more termites than those of group K. The probability that the same or similar tool-using techniques as fishing may be employed in feeding on different types of insects by chimpanzees of different unit groups according to subtle local differences in the insect fauna of their home ranges is discussed.