On the orienting value of attitudes: attitude accessibility as a determinant of an object's attraction of visual attention.
On the orienting value of attitudes: attitude accessibility as a determinant of an object's attraction of visual attention.
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.63.2.198
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发表时间：
1992-08
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
D. Roskos-Ewoldsen;R. Fazio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Roskos-Ewoldsen;R. Fazio
四项实验检验了这样的假设：个人对记忆中容易理解的态度的物体（即引发态度的物体）在视觉展示中比涉及不易理解的态度的物体更容易引起注意。在实验 1 和 2 中，Ss 更有可能注意到并报告此类引起态度的物体。实验 3 得出了偶然注意的证据；即使任务使得忽略这些物体是有益的，Ss 也会注意到引起态度的物体。实验 4 表明，将引起态度的物体作为干扰项会干扰 Ss 视觉搜索任务的表现。显然，引起态度的刺激会自动吸引注意力。因此，易接近的态度提供了将个人的视觉注意力定向到具有潜在享乐后果的物体的功能性益处。
Four experiments tested the hypothesis that objects toward which individuals hold attitudes that are highly accessible from memory (i.e., attitude-evoking objects) are more likely to attract attention when presented in a visual display than objects involving less accessible attitudes. In Experiments 1 and 2, Ss were more likely to notice and report such attitude-evoking objects. Experiment 3 yielded evidence of incidental attention; Ss noticed attitude-evoking objects even when the task made it beneficial to ignore the objects. Experiment 4 demonstrated that inclusion of attitude-evoking objects as distractor items interfered with Ss' performance of a visual search task. Apparently, attitude-evoking stimuli attract attention automatically. Thus, accessible attitudes provide the functional benefit of orienting an individual's visual attention toward objects with potential hedonic consequences.