Tory Travails and Collegiate Confusion: The Oxford University Election of 1722*
Tory Travails and Collegiate Confusion: The Oxford University Election of 1722*
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保守党的困境和大学的混乱：1722 年牛津大学选举*
DOI：
10.1111/1750-0206.12723
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Aston N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aston N
就世纪早期未经改革的特许经营而言，牛津大学构成了一个不寻常的议会选区。在这里，如果席位有争议，非居民成员的投票可能对结果起决定性作用。在斯图亚特王朝晚期和汉诺威王朝早期的牛津，托利党人几乎肯定会当选，但在1722年的大选中，托利党的选票被竞争对手瓜分，这为牛津辉格党人提供了一个可能的机会。本文认为，在这个特殊的政治流动全国性的时间内，大学的选举行为的品种，候选人如何面对的实际问题，让“outvoters”进入牛津大学，以及在何种程度上，学院的负责人可以依靠一个足够稳定的企业身份，有他们的居民成员投票批准的方式。1722年的大选再次提出了一些问题，如谁有权在大学选举中投票，有多少非法投票正在进行，以及纵容或引起注意是否符合候选人的最佳利益。牛津选民最终的选择将标志着牛津大学在18世纪20年代初更广泛的政治图景中的地位，它--以及它所包含的各种保守主义--准备在多大程度上支持汉诺威新秩序的合法性。
In terms of the unreformed franchise operative in the early 18th century, the University of Oxford made up an unusual parliamentary constituency. Here it was the votes of non‐resident members that could be decisive to the outcome if the seat was contested. In late Stuart and early Hanoverian Oxford, Tories were almost certain to be returned but, in the general election of 1722, the Tory vote was split between rival candidates offering a possible opening for Oxford Whigs. This essay considers the varieties of electoral behaviour inside the university at this time of exceptional political flux nationally, how the candidates confronted the practical problem of getting ‘outvoters’ into Oxford, and the extent to which the heads of the colleges could rely on a sufficiently stable corporate identity to have their resident members vote in an approved way. The 1722 general election again raised questions as to who exactly was entitled to vote in a university constituancy, how much illegal voting was going on, and whether it was in a candidate's best interests either to connive or draw attention to it. The eventual choices made by the Oxford electorate would signal where the university stood in the wider political picture of the early 1720s, how far it – and the varieties of toryism it contained – was prepared to endorse the legitimacy of the new Hanoverian order.