Change of state: Information, policy and power
Change of state: Information, policy and power
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状态的改变：信息、政策和权力
作者：
Sandra Braman
对信息创造、处理、流动和使用的控制如何成为最有效的权力形式：美国信息政策的理论基础和实证实例，一个创新的信息国家？随着信息国家取代官僚福利国家，对信息创造、处理、流动和使用的控制已成为最有效的权力形式。在《国家的变化》一书中，桑德拉·布拉曼考察了这种“国家变化”的理论和实践后果。她着眼于政府在使用信息政策行使权力方面的深思熟虑、明确和一致的方式，不仅探索了知识产权和隐私等熟悉的话题，还探索了政策非常有效但鲜为人知的领域。这些鲜为人知的问题包括混合公民身份，在内部使用“功能等效边界”以允许美国法律的例外，研究资金，人口普查方法和网络互连。Braman认为，信息政策的趋势既体现了治理本身的性质，也引发了治理本身的性质变化。在为理解信息国家奠定了理论、概念和历史基础之后，布拉曼考察了美国宪法中的20项信息政策原则。然后，她探讨了美国的影响信息政策的身份，结构，边界和国家本身的变化过程和个人，社区和组织，使国家。纵观整个法律的制度的广度，她提出了现行法律以及趋势和后果的几个信息政策问题，在每个类别的影响。《国家的变化》在两个层面上介绍了信息政策，将对当代具体问题的讨论与借鉴社会理论和实证研究以及法律的更抽象的分析结合起来。最重要的是，这本书提供了一种理解信息政策如何带来基本社会变革的方法，这些变革是随着向信息国家的转变而发生的。
How control over information creation, processing, flows, and use has become the most effective form of power: theoretical foundations and empirical examples of information policy in the U.S., an innovator informational state? As the informational state replaces the bureaucratic welfare state, control over information creation, processing, flows, and use has become the most effective form of power. In "Change of State", Sandra Braman examines the theoretical and practical ramifications of this "change of state." She looks at the ways in which governments are deliberate, explicit, and consistent in their use of information policy to exercise power, exploring not only such familiar topics as intellectual property rights and privacy but also areas in which policy is highly effective but little understood. Such lesser-known issues include hybrid citizenship, the use of "functionally equivalent borders" internally to allow exceptions to U.S. law, research funding, census methods, and network interconnection. Trends in information policy, argues Braman, both manifest and trigger change in the nature of governance itself. After laying the theoretical, conceptual, and historical foundations for understanding the informational state, Braman examines 20 information policy principles found in the U.S Constitution. She then explores the effects of U.S. information policy on the identity, structure, borders, and change processes of the state itself and on the individuals, communities, and organisations that make up the state. Looking across the breadth of the legal system, she presents current law as well as trends in and consequences of several information policy issues in each category affected. "Change of State" introduces information policy on two levels, coupling discussions of specific contemporary problems with more abstract analysis drawing on social theory and empirical research as well as law. Most important, the book provides a way of understanding how information policy brings about the fundamental social changes that come with the transformation to the informational state.