Chemistry and Biology of Plant Leaf Movements.
Chemistry and Biology of Plant Leaf Movements.
复制标题
植物叶子运动的化学和生物学。
作者：
Ueda;Yamamura
含羞草（Mimosa pudica L.）以被触摸时的快速移动而闻名。最近，我们能够从这种植物中分离出少量的兴奋性物质，它由三种不同的成分组成（L-苹果酸钾，反乌头酸镁和二甲基铵盐）。许多植物在晚上关闭它们的叶子，好像睡觉一样，在清晨打开它们（夜间叶片运动）。这种昼夜节律是由这些植物的生物钟控制的。通过对其他致幻植物的大量研究，分离出了多种开叶物质和闭叶物质。基于我们对这些生物活性物质的实验，我们发现这些植物的昼夜节律性叶片运动是由LOSs和LCSs的调节平衡启动的。两个叶片运动因子（LMF）之间的浓度平衡在白天是相反的。糖苷型LMF被β-葡萄糖苷酶水解，其活性受生物钟调节。在叶运动中观察到的昼夜节律是通过生物钟调节的β-葡萄糖苷酶的激活引入的。
The leaves of Mimosa pudica L. are well known for their rapid movement when touched. Recently, we were able to isolate an excitatory substance in small quantities from this plant, which consists of three different components (potassium L-malate, magnesium trans-aconitate, and dimethylammonium salt). Many plants close their leaves in the evening, as if to sleep, and open them early in the morning (nyctinastic leaf movement). This circadian rhythm is known to be controlled by the biological clock of such plants. Extensive studies on other nyctinastic plants led to the isolation of a variety of leaf-opening substances (LOSs) and leaf-closing substances (LCSs). Based on our experiments on these bioactive substances, we found that the circadian rhythmic leaf movement of these plants is initiated by the regulated balance of LOSs and LCSs. The balance of concentration between the two leaf-movement factors (LMFs) is inversed during the day. The glycoside-type LMF is hydrolyzed with beta-glucosidase, the activity of which is regulated by the biological clock. The circadian rhythm observed in the leaf movement is introduced by activation of beta-glucosidase regulated by the biological clock.