EFFECTS OF SOCIAL-COMPARISON DIRECTION, THREAT, AND SELF-ESTEEM ON AFFECT, SELF-EVALUATION, AND EXPECTED SUCCESS
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL-COMPARISON DIRECTION, THREAT, AND SELF-ESTEEM ON AFFECT, SELF-EVALUATION, AND EXPECTED SUCCESS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.64.5.708
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发表时间：
1993-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ASPINWALL, LG;TAYLOR, SE
两项研究探索了社会比较被用来管理负面情绪和自然威胁的条件。研究1考察了诱导情绪和性格自尊作为向上和向下比较时情感反应的决定因素。与情绪修复预测一致的是，只有被诱导了负面情绪的低自尊SS报告在接触向下比较的信息后情绪有所改善。研究二考察了自然主义威胁对比较信息反应的影响。相对于没有比较的基线，最近经历过学业挫折的低自尊学生报告说，在接触到向下比较的信息后，他们对自己的自我评价更有利，对未来大学成功的期望更高。在对一般痛苦进行统计控制后，这些结果仍然显著。讨论了向下比较理论的含义。
Two studies explored the conditions under which social comparisons are used to manage negative affect and naturalistic threats. Study 1 examined induced mood and dispositional self-esteem as determinants of affective responses to upward and downward comparisons. Consistent with a mood repair prediction, only low-self-esteem Ss in whom a negative mood had been induced reported improved mood after exposure to downward comparison information. Study 2 examined the impact of naturalistic threats on responses to comparison information. Relative to a no-comparison baseline, low-self-esteem Ss who had experienced a recent academic setback reported more favorable self-evaluations and greater expectations of future success in college after exposure to downward comparison information. These results remained significant after controlling statistically for general distress. Implications for downward comparison theory are discussed.