The Long Beach/Fort Lauderdale relative risk study
The Long Beach/Fort Lauderdale relative risk study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsr.2009.07.002
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Fiorentino, Dary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blomberg, Richard D.;Peck, Raymond C.;Fiorentino, Dary
问题：酒精作为导致交通事故的一个主要因素的作用已经得到了坚定的确立。然而，关于相对风险函数的精确形状和碰撞风险开始增加的BAC仍然存在争议。方法：本研究在两个地点采用病例对照设计：加州长滩和佛罗里达州劳德代尔堡。研究人员收集了2871起各种严重程度的撞车事故的数据，并从与撞车事故司机相同的时间、地点和行驶方向选择了一个匹配的对照组。在14,985名样本驾驶员中，81.3%的碰撞驾驶员和97.9%的对照组提供了有效的BAC样本。结果：经协变量和非参与偏倚校正后，BACs为0.04 - 0.05时，相对风险增加，当BACs超过0.10时，风险升高非常明显。讨论：结果提供了强有力的支持。08本身的法律和国家政策，增加了对bac超过0.15的制裁。对工业的影响：这项研究进一步精确地说明了酒精对驾驶的有害影响，并由此暗示了酒精对其他复杂任务的有害影响。(C) 2009年国家安全委员会和爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Problem: The role of alcohol as a major factor in traffic crash causation has been firmly established. However, controversy remains as to the precise shape of the relative risk function and the BAC at which crash risk begins to increase. Methods: This Study used a case-control design in two locations: Long Beach, California, and Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Data were collected on 2,871 crashes of all severities and a matched control group of drivers selected from the same time, location, and direction of travel as the crash drivers. Of the 14,985 sample drivers, 81.3% of the crash drivers and 97.9% of the controls provided a valid BAC specimen. Results: When adjusted for covariates and nonparticipation bias, increases in relative risk were observed at BACs of .04-.05, and the elevations in risk became very pronounced when BACs exceeded .10. Discussion: The results provide strong support for .08 per se laws and for state policies that increase sanctions for BACs in excess of .15. Impact on Industry: This study provides further precision on the deleterious effects of alcohol on driving and, by implication, oil other complex tasks. (C) 2009 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.