Rainfall-triggered mass movements on steep loess slopes and their entrainment and distribution
Rainfall-triggered mass movements on steep loess slopes and their entrainment and distribution
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降雨引发的黄土陡坡体运动及其夹带和分布
DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2019.104238
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发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Cui Zhiqiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo Wenzhao;Xu Xiangzhou （徐向舟）;Wang Wenlong;Liu Yakun;Guo Mingming;Cui Zhiqiang
在陡峭的山坡上，山体运动是主要的地貌过程。然而，控制群众运动的侵蚀和夹带的机制仍然知之甚少。本研究在黄土高原六道沟流域的天然黄土斜坡上进行了模拟降雨条件下的一系列物质运动实验。一种新型地形仪被用来观察随机质量运动。42个降雨事件共观测到499次质量运动，平均每次降雨事件观测到11次质量运动。检测到三种体块运动类型：滑坡（67%） > 泥石流（21%） > 雪崩（12%）。湿质沟底物质的夹带使滑坡体积显著增大，物质夹带使滑坡体体积平均放大29%。根据观测数据，质量运动发生的概率随质量运动体积的增加呈幂律关系降低。当降雨强度为50 mm h−1时，团块运动破坏的临界降雨量约为25.6 mm。研究结果可为黄土高原陡坡区地质灾害减灾和侵蚀过程评价提供指导。
Mass movements are predominant geomorphic processes on steep hillslopes. However, the mechanisms governing the erosion and entrainment of mass movements remain poorly understood. In this study, experiments on natural loess slopes were conducted to induce a series of mass movements under simulated rainfalls in the Liudaogou Catchment on the Loess Plateau of China. A novel topography meter was used to observe random mass movements. A total of 499 mass movements in 42 rainfall events and an average of 11 mass movements for each rainfall event were observed. Three mass movement types were detected: landslides (67%) > mudflows (21%) > avalanches (12%). The volume of landslides dramatically increased through the entrainment of a wet gully bed material, and the volume of landslide mass was magnified by 29% on average through material entrainment. Based on the observed data, the probability of mass movement occurrences decreased with the increasing mass movement volume in a power-law relationship. The critical rainfall amount for mass movement failure was approximately 25.6 mm at a rainfall intensity of 50 mm h−1. These results can serve as guides to mitigate geological hazards and assess erosion processes on steep loess slopes of the Loess Plateau.
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