Drivers with Dementia in Japan: Required Public Support Under Strict Legal Restrictions
Drivers with Dementia in Japan: Required Public Support Under Strict Legal Restrictions
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日本患有痴呆症的司机：在严格的法律限制下需要公众支持
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Y. Arai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Mizuno;Y. Arai
致编辑：在日本，自2002年以来，根据《道路交通法》（第103条）的规定，痴呆症被指定为吊销驾驶执照的原因。根据法律，患有痴呆症的司机已被确定为威胁交通安全的危险因素。特别是在最近对立法措施的修订中，可以发现对这一亚群体实行更严格控制的趋势。2009年，该法案规定，75岁及以上的驾驶员在更新驾驶执照时，应进行认知功能的简短筛查测试（第33条）。97-2，101-4），但披露的医疗条件仍然是自由裁量权的其他司机。自2014年6月以来，所有驾驶员在更新驾驶执照时都必须填写的关于某些疾病和症状的简短问卷取代了自我报告系统（第101-2条）。作虚假记录或报告的，最多可判处1年徒刑或30万日元以下罚款（第117-4条）。该法还规定，如果医生诊断合格的驾驶员患有某些疾病或症状，包括痴呆症，他们可以酌情向有关当局报告诊断结果（第101- 6条）。这是另一个证据，表明日本对痴呆症司机的法律的限制一直在稳步收紧。吊销执照对那些必须依靠自己驾驶的人来说尤其重要。除了对他们的日常生活产生身体影响外，已发表的研究还发现，停止驾驶与前司机的抑郁症状之间存在关联。因此，这些研究表明，可能需要向这一面临越来越严格的法律的限制的群体提供更多的公共支持。对痴呆症患者的家庭成员进行了一项研究，以了解可以提供哪些支持来帮助他们独立生活。
To the Editor: Since 2002 in Japan, dementia has been designated as a reason for driving license revocation under the provisions of the Road Traffic Act (Article 103). According to the law, drivers with dementia have been identified as risk factors threatening traffic safety. The trend toward tighter control over this subpopulation can be found especially in the recent amendment of legislative measures. In 2009, the act stipulated that drivers aged 75 and older shall take a brief screening test of cognitive function when they renew their driving licenses (Arts. 97–2, 101–4), but disclosure of medical conditions remained discretionary for other drivers. Since June 2014, a brief questionnaire about certain diseases and symptoms that all drivers are required to complete when renewing their licenses has replaced the self-report system (Art. 101–2). Making a false entry or report is subject to a maximum 1 year of imprisonment or a fine of up to 300,000 Japanese yen (Art. 117–4). The act further provides that, if physicians diagnose eligible drivers with certain diseases or symptoms including dementia, they may report the diagnoses to the authority concerned on a discretionary basis (Art. 101– 6). This is additional evidence that legal restrictions on drivers with dementia have been steadily tightening in Japan. License revocation will be particularly critical for those who have to rely on their own driving. In addition to physically affecting their daily living, published studies have also found an association between driving cessation and depressive symptoms in former drivers. Therefore, these studies suggested a possible need for additional public support to this group faced with progressively tighter legal restrictions. A study was conducted in family members of individuals with dementia to find out what supports might be provided to assist their independent living.
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/56.6.s343
发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Fonda, SJ;Wallace, RB;Herzog, AR
通讯作者：
Herzog, AR