Environmental criminology and crime analysis
Environmental criminology and crime analysis
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DOI：
10.1057/cpcs.2008.22
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
G. Stummvoll
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Stummvoll
这本书提供了一个全面的概述，最近的发展，在环境犯罪学在过去的几十年。编辑理查德·沃特利和洛林·马泽罗勒将环境犯罪学领域最著名的一些学者撰写的13章分为三个部分：第一部分，“理解犯罪事件”，侧重于环境犯罪学的基本理论;第二部分，“分析犯罪模式”，解释犯罪空间分析的不同技术;第三部分“预防和控制犯罪”提供了以设计为主导的预防犯罪和警务战略的实例。第1部分是德里克康沃尔语和罗恩克拉克，理查德沃特利，马库斯费尔森和保罗和帕特里夏布兰廷汉姆的贡献收集，谁回顾了他们的原始概念的发展（理性选择理论，犯罪沉淀物，日常活动理论和犯罪模式理论）直到今天。这些不同的方法在概念上是相关的，它们共同描绘了该领域，并为研究犯罪事件的机会结构提供了良好的基础。第二部分分三章介绍了分析技术：Luc Anselin、Elizabeth Griffiths和乔治Tita介绍了利用地理信息系统对犯罪数据进行地理编码和聚类的犯罪制图和热点分析技术。格雷厄姆·法雷尔和肯·皮斯区分了不同形式的“重复受害”，如空间，时间，战术和犯罪类型的重复。它们表明，犯罪从业人员可以从对以往犯罪的简明时空分析和“预测性绘图”中学到什么，以减少个人和家庭再次受害的风险。D. Kim Rossmo和Sacha Rombouts指出了“地理特征分析”在刑事调查中的优势，这种分析是根据犯罪者的空间行为（搜索和攻击）对刑事案件进行分析
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent de-velopments in environmental criminology in the last decades. The editors Richard Wortley and Lorraine Mazerolle organized 13 chapters, written by some of the most prominent scholars in environ mental criminology, into three parts: Part 1,‘understanding the crime event’, focuses on basic theories in environmental criminology; part 2,‘analyzing crime patterns’, explains different techniques for the spatial analysis of crime; and part 3,‘preventing and controlling crime’, provides illustrative practical examples for design-led crime prevention and policing strategies. Part 1 is a collection of contributions by Derek Cornish and Ron Clarke, Richard Wortley, Marcus Felson and Paul and Patricia Brantingham, who review the development of their original concepts (rational choice theory, precipitators of crime, routine activity theory and crime pattern theory) until today. These different approaches are conceptually related, and together they map the field and provide a sound basis for researching opportunity structures of crime events. In part 2, analytical techniques are presented in three chapters: Luc Anselin, Elizabeth Griffiths and George Tita introduce the technique of crime mapping and hot spot analysis using GIS for geo-coding and clustering crime data. Graham Farrell and Ken Pease distinguish different forms of ‘repeat victimization’, such as spatial, temporal, tactical and crime-type repeat. They show what crime practitioners can learn from a concise time–space analysis of previous offences and from ‘predictive mapping’in order to reduce the risk of re-victimization for individuals and households. D. Kim Rossmo and Sacha Rombouts point out the advantages of ‘geographic profiling’for criminal investigation, which is based on an analysis of criminal cases according to offenders’ spatial behaviour (search and attack