Differential associations of threat and deprivation with emotion regulation and cognitive control in adolescence.
Differential associations of threat and deprivation with emotion regulation and cognitive control in adolescence.
复制标题
威胁和剥夺与青春期情绪调节和认知控制的差异关联。
DOI：
10.1017/s0954579416000584
复制
发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
McLaughlin KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambert HK;King KM;Monahan KC;McLaughlin KA
关于童年逆境的研究传统上侧重于单一类型的逆境，这是有限的，因为高共现率，或对不良经历的总数，假设不同的经验影响发展类似。确定多种类型逆境所共有的环境经历维度可能是一种更有效的策略。我们研究了两个这样的维度（威胁和认知剥夺）与自动情绪调节和认知控制的独特关联，使用多变量方法，同时检查逆境的两个维度。数据来自一个社区样本的青少年（N = 287）的变化暴露于暴力，威胁的指标，和贫困，这是与认知剥夺。青少年完成任务测量自动情绪调节和认知控制在中性和情绪的背景下。暴力与自动情绪调节缺陷有关，但与认知控制无关;贫困与认知控制不良有关，但与自动情绪调节无关。暴力和贫困都预示着在情感背景下的不良抑制。采用侧重于单一类型的逆境或累积风险的方法，掩盖了暴力和贫穷与情感和认知结果之间联系的特殊性。这些研究结果表明，不同层面的童年逆境有不同的发展影响，并强调了一个差异化的多变量方法的效用。
Research on childhood adversity has traditionally focused on single types of adversity, which is limited because of high co-occurrence, or on the total number of adverse experiences, which assumes that diverse experiences influence development similarly. Identifying dimensions of environmental experience that are common to multiple types of adversity may be a more effective strategy. We examined the unique associations of two such dimensions (threat and cognitive deprivation) with automatic emotion regulation and cognitive control using a multivariate approach that simultaneously examined both dimensions of adversity. Data were drawn from a community sample of adolescents (N = 287) with variability in exposure to violence, an indicator of threat, and poverty, which is associated with cognitive deprivation. Adolescents completed tasks measuring automatic emotion regulation and cognitive control in neutral and emotional contexts. Violence was associated with automatic emotion regulation deficits, but not cognitive control; poverty was associated with poor cognitive control, but not automatic emotion regulation. Both violence and poverty predicted poor inhibition in an emotional context. Utilizing an approach focused on either single types of adversity or cumulative risk obscured specificity in the associations of violence and poverty with emotional and cognitive outcomes. These findings suggest that different dimensions of childhood adversity have distinct influences on development and highlight the utility of a differentiated multivariate approach.