Physical environmental correlates of childhood obesity: a systematic review.
Physical environmental correlates of childhood obesity: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00572.x
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发表时间：
2009-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reynolds KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dunton GF;Kaplan J;Wolch J;Jerrett M;Reynolds KD
在美国和其他西方国家，儿童肥胖率的增加是引起严重公共卫生问题的原因。邻里和社区环境被认为在青少年肥胖的发展中起着促进作用，但人们还不清楚哪些类型的物理环境特征最有可能影响肥胖的结果。本文报告了一项定量研究的系统综述结果，该研究通过体力活动检查了与儿童和青少年肥胖相关的生物物理环境变量。在PubMed、PsychInfo和Geobase中进行了文献检索。15项定量研究符合本系统评价的纳入标准。大多数研究都是2005年以后发表的横断面研究。总体而言，几乎没有一致的发现。对于儿童，物理环境变量与肥胖之间的关联因性别、年龄、社会经济地位、人口密度以及父母或儿童是否报告而异。设备和设施的使用，邻里模式（例如，农村、远郊、郊区）和城市扩张与青少年肥胖的结果相关。对于所考虑的大多数环境变量，尚没有强有力的经验证据。概念上的差距，方法的局限性，和未来的研究方向进行了讨论。
Increasing rates of childhood obesity in the U.S. and other Western countries are cause for serious public health concern. Neighborhood and community environments are thought to play a contributing role in the development of obesity among youth, but it is not well understood which types of physical environmental characteristics have the most potential to influence obesity outcomes. This paper reports the results of a systematic review of quantitative research examining built and biophysical environmental variables associated with obesity in children and adolescents through physical activity. Literature searches in PubMed, PsychInfo, and Geobase were conducted. Fifteen quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. The majority of studies were cross-sectional and published after 2005. Overall, few consistent findings emerged. For children, associations between physical environmental variables and obesity differed by gender, age, socioeconomic status, population density, and whether reports were made by the parent or child. Access to equipment and facilities, neighborhood pattern (e.g., rural, exurban, suburban), and urban sprawl were associated with obesity outcomes in adolescents. For most environmental variables considered, strong empirical evidence is not yet available. Conceptual gaps, methodological limitations, and future research directions are discussed.