Indirect interactions between two aphid species in relation to ant attendance
Indirect interactions between two aphid species in relation to ant attendance
复制标题
两种蚜虫之间的间接相互作用与蚂蚁出勤有关
作者：
H. Sakata
研究了黑蚁 (Lasius niger) 的觅食对板栗树 (Castanea crenata) 上两种蚜虫 (Lachnustropicis 和 Myzocallis kuricola) 种群增长的影响。蚂蚁看护效果因每只蚂蚁的蚜虫密度而异：当每只蚂蚁的蚜虫数量很少时，该效果为正值；而当每只蚂蚁的蚜虫数量较多时，则为负值。此外，一种蚜虫的密度也会影响对另一种蚜虫的抚育效果。此外，影响是不对称的：每只蚂蚁的热带乳杆菌密度的增加逆转了蚂蚁对该物种和 M. kuricola 的影响，而每只蚂蚁的 M. kuricola 的增加并没有显着影响蚂蚁对热带乳杆菌的影响。因此，蚂蚁似乎稳定了热带 L. 热带菌的种群密度，使该物种免于灭绝，而蚂蚁对 M. kuricola 的影响取决于热带 L. 热带菌的密度，并可能导致 M. kuricola 灭绝。蚂蚁看护效果的这种变化对应于先前检测到的蚂蚁对蚜虫的捕食活动的密度依赖性变化。相比之下，蚂蚁对天敌的保护效果随密度的变化并不能解释这一结果。
The influence of foraging by the ant, Lasius niger, on the population growth of two aphid species, Lachnus tropicalis and Myzocallis kuricola, on chestnut trees, Castanea crenata, was examined. The ant-tending effect was divergent depending on the aphid density per ant: it was positive when there were few aphids per ant, but negative when there were many aphids per ant. In addition, the density of one aphid species also influenced the ant-tending effect on the other aphid. Furthermore, the influences were asymmetrical: an increase in L. tropicalis density per ant reversed the ant’s effect on this species and on M. kuricola, while an increase in M. kuricola per ant did not significantly influence the ant’s effect on L. tropicalis. Thus, the ant seems to stabilize the L. tropicalis population density and keep this species from extinction, while the ant’s effect on M. kuricola depends on the density of L. tropicalis and may lead M. kuricola to extermination. This change in the ant-tending effect corresponds to the previously detected density-dependent change in predation activity of the ants on aphids. In contrast, the density-dependent change in the protection effect of the ants against natural enemies does not explain the results.