Two are not better than one: Combining unitization and relational encoding strategies.
Two are not better than one: Combining unitization and relational encoding strategies.
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000170
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Diana RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tu HW;Diana RA
在再认记忆中，回忆被定义为检索与事件相关的上下文，而熟悉度被定义为仅基于项目强度的检索。最近的研究表明，传统的回忆为基础的任务，在测试中，上下文细节被操纵的源记忆评估，也可以依赖于熟悉时，上下文信息是“unitized”与相关的项目信息在编码。与同时包括许多以不同方式编码的上下文细节的自然主义情景记忆不同，之前的研究重点关注单元化及其对单个上下文细节识别的影响。为了进一步了解各种编码策略如何对项目和上下文表示进行操作，我们独立地将单位化和关系关联分配给每个项目的两个上下文细节（大小和颜色），并测试了回忆和熟悉度对每个细节的源识别的贡献。熟悉度对提取每个上下文细节的影响进行了比较，作为一个功能的编码策略用于每个细节。受试者操作特征曲线表明，单位化效应是不加性的，当单位化是编码过程中应用的唯一策略时，一个或多个细节会出现类似的熟悉程度。另一方面，一个不利的影响被发现时，关系编码和单位化同时应用于一个项目，这样一个显着的非单位化的上下文细节干扰所需的努力处理单位化的一个伴随的上下文细节。然而，这种不利影响不是相互的，可能取决于个人背景细节的性质。
In recognition memory, recollection is defined as retrieval of the context associated with an event, whereas familiarity is defined as retrieval based on item strength alone. Recent studies have shown that conventional recollection-based tasks, in which context details are manipulated for source memory assessment at test, can also rely on familiarity when context information is “unitized” with the relevant item information at encoding. Unlike naturalistic episodic memories that include many context details encoded in different ways simultaneously, previous studies have focused on unitization and its effect on the recognition of a single context detail. To further understand how various encoding strategies operate on item and context representations, we independently assigned unitization and relational association to two context details (size and color) of each item and tested the contribution of recollection and familiarity to source recognition of each detail. The influence of familiarity on retrieval of each context detail was compared as a function of the encoding strategy used for each detail. Receiver operating characteristic curves suggested that the unitization effect was not additive and that similar levels of familiarity occurred for one or multiple details when unitization was the only strategy applied during encoding. On the other hand, a detrimental effect was found when relational encoding and unitization were simultaneously applied to one item such that a salient non-unitized context detail interfered with the effortful processing required to unitize an accompanying context detail. However, this detrimental effect was not reciprocal and possibly dependent on the nature of individual context details.