Rural settlement on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa prefecture and long-distance commuting cultivation
Rural settlement on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa prefecture and long-distance commuting cultivation
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冲绳县石垣岛农村聚居与远距离通勤耕作
DOI：
10.1007/bf00218582
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ukita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Ukita
南西诸岛位于九州和台湾之间的西南部，是日本的大部分领土。冲绳县第二次世界大战后，岛链的南半部分归美国管辖，但已归还日本。冲绳县还可进一步划分为冲绳、宫古和冲绳三个岛屿。冲绳占整个县的一半以上，总人口为104.3万人（1975年为冲绳县首府），其他几个城市也是冲绳岛的一部分，人口稠密。相比之下，八重山群岛，在县内的S，虽然面积约占一个县，但他们的人口构成了总人口。两个较大的岛屿，石垣岛和伊里岛较小的岛屿构成的岛屿格鲁将在这项研究中进行审查。石垣岛，位于北纬24 20 '，北纬24 20'，位于美国佛罗里达南端的阿斯旺高坝附近。它的年平均气温达到每年2,097毫米。气候的限制是，从初秋开始，每年有几次苏风袭击该地区。房屋和C严重受损。因此，这些房子都是用150-170厘米高的墙建造的，同时艾德也是为了保护。由于建造和维护需要大量的混凝土，所以那些建造新房子的人使用混凝土块作为墙体材料。该岛面积为226.8平方公里，占该县总面积的10.1%。但人口为34，657人（1975年），仅占冲绳总人口的3.3%。从1920年的第一次人口普查到二战前的几年，人口一直相当稳定，约为20，000人。然而，这一数字在战后几年稳步上升，1950年、1960年和1965年分别约为28，000、38，000和41，000。这一增长可能归因于几个因素：许多原住民从台湾（前日本殖民地）或本州岛的大城市中心返回家乡。与此同时，由于填海造地，其他岛屿的农民来到岛屿的N部分定居。近年来，该岛人口持续下降，最终于1975年跌破35 000人大关。
The arcurate Nansei (Southwest) Islands, SW between Kyushu and Taiwan, constitu most territory of Japan. Okinawa Prefect the S half of the island chain was under U after World War II, but reverted to Japa The prefecture may further be divided i groups: the Okinawa, the Miyako, and th The Okinawa group consists of Okinaw cent smaller islands. Okinawa Island mak than one-half of the entire prefecture wi the total population of 1,043,000(1975 fectural capital, and several other cities a part of the island, where population dens high. In contrast, the Yaeyama Islands, lo the S in the prefecture, are considerab Although the area occupies approxima prefecture, their population constitutes total. Two larger islands, Ishigaki and Iri smaller islands constitute the island grou will be examined in this study. Ishigaki Island, located at 24 20'N, i latitude to both the Aswan High Dam in tip of Florida in the United States. Its su has an annual average temperature of cipitation reaches 2,097 mm per annum. climatic constraint is the fact that it is su which hit the area several times a year fr to early autumn. Damage to houses and c serious. The houses, therefore, are built w tive walls of some 150-170 cm high, whil ed for protection. Since a considerable am needed for the construction and maintena those building new hou use concrete blocks for wall material. The area of the island is 226.8 km2, which represents 10.1% of the total area of the prefecture. But its popula-tion of 34,657 (1975), is only 3.3% of total Okinawa residents.Change in population is indicated in Tab 1. A fairly stable population, of some 20,000, continued from the first census in 1920 to the immediate pre-WW II years. However, the figure rose steadily in the post-war years, to approximately 28,000, 38,000, and 41,000 in 1950, 1960, and 1965, respectively. The increase may be attributed to several factors: many natives returned home to the island from Taiwan, a former Japanese colony, or from large urban centers in Honshu. At the same time, farmers from other islands came to settle in the N part of the islands as farm land became available as a result of reclamation. In recent years the population of the island has steadily been on the decline, finally dipping below the 35,000 mark in 1975.