Different types of associative encoding evoke differential processing in both younger and older adults: Evidence from univariate and multivariate analyses
Different types of associative encoding evoke differential processing in both younger and older adults: Evidence from univariate and multivariate analyses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107240
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Salerno, Joanna M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dennis, Nancy A.;Overman, Amy A.;Salerno, Joanna M.
在关联处理中与神经元相关的缺陷是有据可查的（例如，Naveh-Benjamin，2000年），并被认为是影响所有类型约束力的普遍缺陷的结果。然而，最近的行为研究表明，呈现给老年人的信息的视觉配置会影响老年人表现出这种结合缺陷的程度（Overman，Dennis等人，2019; Overman，Dennis等人，2018年）。本研究的目的是进一步澄清的神经基础的关联赤字在老化，并检查是否在编码的功能活动不同的视觉配置和类型的关联编码。使用单变量和多体素模式分析，我们发现与编码的关联类型（项目-项目和项目-上下文）相关的激活幅度和神经反应模式存在差异。具体来说，我们的研究结果表明，当控制刺激成分时，关联编码网络内的感觉和额叶区域的激活模式能够区分不同类型的关联。关于MTL，多变量结果表明，只有模式的激活在老年人，而不是年轻的成年人，在PrC可以区分协会类型。这些发现扩展了先前关于年轻人和老年人联想记忆的神经基础的工作，并将项目和上下文模型（BIC; Diana，Yonelinas，Ranganath，2007）的结合预测扩展到老年人。
Age-related deficits in associative processing are well-documented (e.g., Naveh-Benjamin, 2000) and have been assumed to be the result of a general deficit that affects all types of binding. However, recent behavioral research has indicated that the visual configuration of the information that is presented to older adults influences the degree to which this binding deficit is exhibited by older adults (Overman, Dennis et al, 2019; Overman, Dennis, et al., 2018). The purpose of the present study was to further clarify the neural underpinnings of the associative deficit in aging and to examine whether functional activity at encoding differs with respect to the visual configuration and the type of associative being encoded. Using both univariate and multi-voxel pattern analysis, we found differences in both the magnitude of activation and pattern of neural responses associated with the type of association encoded (item-item and item-context). Specifically, our results suggest that, when controlling for stimuli composition, patterns of activation in sensory and frontal regions within the associative encoding network are able to distinguish between different types of associations. With respect to the MTL, multivariate results suggest that only patterns of activation in the PrC in older, but not younger adults, can distinguish between associations types. These findings extend prior work regarding the neural basis of associative memory in young and older adults, and extends the predictions of the binding of item and context model (BIC; Diana, Yonelinas, Ranganath, 2007) to older adults.