Mindfulness mechanisms in alcohol use: Comparing top-down and bottom-up processes.
Mindfulness mechanisms in alcohol use: Comparing top-down and bottom-up processes.
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饮酒中的正念机制：比较自上而下和自下而上的过程。
DOI：
10.1037/adb0000932
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hutchison,KentE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Skrzynski,CarillonJ;Bryan,AngelaD;Hutchison,KentE
这项研究比较了正念可以减少危险饮酒的两种机制：努力控制和渴望，分别是“自上而下”和“自下而上”的过程。这些关系在基于正念的复发预防（MBRP）与复发预防（RP）治疗的随机对照试验的二次分析中进行了比较，以探索它们是否基于更明确与微妙的正念训练而不同。（48.4%为女性; 21-60岁），报告饮酒> 14/21杯/周（分别为女性/男性）在过去3个月，但谁希望戒烟/减少他们的饮酒招募从丹佛和博尔德，CO，美国的参与者被随机分配到8周的MBRP或RP治疗，并在基线、治疗中途和治疗结束时完成评估。在治疗中途完成的五因素正念量表简表、酒精冲动问卷和努力控制量表分别评估了预测因子、气质正念和中介因子、渴望和努力控制。酒精使用障碍识别任务在治疗后完成，并测量危险饮酒。进行跨组路径分析，包括两个介质/治疗在同一model.ResultsComparing模型与不平等的限制跨治疗，没有路径显着差异的基础上卡方检验的差异，χ 2（5）= 5.11，p=。40，只有渴望的间接影响是显着的（B=-1.01，p=. 01). ConclusionsFindings表明，正念可能与危险饮酒减少通过渴望，但不努力控制，这种间接的关系在治疗中产生正念显着和隐式的工作类似。
ObjectiveThis study compared two mechanisms by which mindfulness may reduce hazardous drinking: effortful control and craving,“top-down” and “bottom-up” processes, respectively. These relationships were compared in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) versus relapse prevention (RP) treatments to explore if they differed based on more explicit versus subtle mindfulness training.MethodA total of 182 individuals (48.4% female; 21–60 years old) who reported drinking> 14/21 drinks/week (for females/males, respectively) in the past 3 months but who wished to quit/reduce their drinking were recruited from Denver and Boulder, CO, United States. Participants were randomly assigned to either 8 weeks of MBRP or RP treatment and completed assessments at baseline, halfway through treatment, and at the end of treatment. The Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire–Short Form, Alcohol Urge Questionnaire, and Effortful Control Scale completed halfway through treatment assessed the predictor, dispositional mindfulness, and mediators, craving and effortful control, respectively. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Task was completed after treatment and measured hazardous drinking. Cross-group path analyses were conducted including both mediators/treatments in the same model.ResultsComparing models with and without equality constraints across treatments, no paths significantly differed based on a chi-square test of difference, χ 2 (5)= 5.11, p=. 40, and only the indirect effect of craving was significant (B=− 1.01, p=. 01).ConclusionsFindings suggest mindfulness may be associated with hazardous drinking reductions through craving but not effortful control and this indirect relationship works similarly across treatments engendering mindfulness explicitly and implicitly.