A long-term perspective on person-environment fit and ADL dependence among older Swedish adults
A long-term perspective on person-environment fit and ADL dependence among older Swedish adults
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DOI：
10.1093/geront/45.3.327
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Iwarsson, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwarsson, S
目的：本研究描述了老年人的人-环境（person-environment，P-E）匹配与日常生活活动（activities of daily living，ADL）的关系，探讨了P-E匹配与ADL依赖的关系，并在两个时间点上验证了Lawton的顺从性假说。设计和方法：从一个随机抽样的75-84岁的人生活在瑞典的一个城市，72人可用于基线和后续访谈超过6年的时间。访谈和观察被用于在家访中收集数据。结果：从基线到随访，P-E匹配问题以及ADL依赖性增加。功能限制和对移动设备的依赖增加;关于环境障碍的变化很少。在随访中，ADL依赖性和P-E拟合在最脆弱的子样本中显著相关。结论：在老年人中，居住环境中的体育-体育适应问题与日常生活活动依赖有关。体育锻炼配合问题的增加主要是由于功能下降所致，但也有一定程度的环境变化的影响。所使用的方法表明，有可能增加我们对劳顿模型的主要组成部分如何随着时间的推移而变化和相互作用的理解。
Purpose: This study described person-environment (P-E) fit and activities of daily living (ADLs) among older adults, and it explored the relationship between P-E fit and ADL dependence, testing Lawton's docility hypothesis at two points in time. Design and Methods: From a random sample of individuals aged 75-84 living in a Swedish municipality, 72 persons were available for baseline and follow-up interviews over a 6-year period. Interviews and observations were used for data collection at home visits. Results: P-E fit problems as well as ADL dependence increased from baseline to follow-up. Functional limitations and dependence on mobility devices increased; few changes were found concerning environmental barriers. At follow-up, ADL dependence and P-E fit correlated significantly in the frailest subsample. Implications: In advanced age, P-E fit problems in housing are related to ADL dependence. The increase of P-E fit problems mostly results from functional decline, although to some extent it is from environmental changes as well. The methodology used demonstrates the potential to increase our understanding of how the main components of Lawton's model change and interact over time.