X-RAY REFLEXIONS FROM DILUTE SOLID SOLUTIONS
X-RAY REFLEXIONS FROM DILUTE SOLID SOLUTIONS
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1947.0064
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发表时间：
1947-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HUANG, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HUANG, K
本文定量地研究了稀固溶体中随机分布的杂质原子对X射线反射的影响。用于描述这些偏差的函数的形式由弹性介质中由若干球对称点畸变中心产生的畸变来表示。因此，导致两种类型的效果，完全类似于热效应：（i）普通干涉最大值的减弱;（ii）与普通最大值相关的“扩散最大值”的存在。晶格常数的变化在分析中自然出现。它用于确定影响（i）和（ii）的大小。通过将理论公式应用于Au-Cu固溶体，我们发现应该可以通过实验检测到（i）热效应是次要的，不能掩盖畸变效应。但效果（ii）混合与热扩散最大值，并发现在常温下是非常小的。然而，这一结论并不被认为是普遍的，特别是考虑到热效应的各向异性性质。
The effect on X-ray reflexion of deviations of the atoms from the ideal lattice sites caused by the presence of randomly distributed foreign atoms in a dilute solid solution is investigated quantitatively. The form of the function used to describe these deviations is suggested by the distortions produced in an elastic medium by a number of spherically symmetric point centres of distortion. Hence one is led to two types of effects, exactly analogous to the thermal effects: (i) a weakening of the ordinary interference maxima; (ii) the presence of ‘diffuse maxima’ associated with the ordinary maxima. The change of lattice constant appears naturally in the analysis. It is used to determine the magnitude of the effects (i) and (ii). By applying the theoretical formulae to the solid solutions Au-Cu, we find that it should be possible to detect (i) experimentally; the thermal effect is secondary and cannot mask the distortion effect. But the effect (ii) mixes with the thermal diffuse maxima and is found to be very much smaller at ordinary temperatures. This conclusion is, however, not regarded as general, especially in view of the anisotropic nature of the thermal effect.