RNA pseudoknots and the regulation of protein synthesis
RNA pseudoknots and the regulation of protein synthesis
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DOI：
10.1042/bst0360684
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Pennell, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brierley, Ian;Gilbert, Robert J. C.;Pennell, Simon
RNA伪结点是几乎所有类别的RNA中都存在的结构元件。当发夹碱基环中的单链区域与RNA链上其他地方的一段互补核苷酸配对时，伪结点就形成了。这种简单的折叠策略能够产生大量稳定的三维折叠，这些折叠在各种生物过程中显示出各种高度特异的功能。本文主要介绍伪结在蛋白质合成调控中的作用，并以细胞和病毒为例来说明它们的多功能性。重点是在结构上定义明确的假核结，它们在核糖体内部进入、起始的自动调节、核糖体在伸长和反译过程中的框架移位中发挥作用。
RNA pseudoknots are structural elements found in almost all classes of RNA. Pseudoknots form when a single-stranded region in the loop of a hairpin base-pairs with a stretch of complementary nucleotides elsewhere in the RNA chain. This simple folding strategy is capable of generating a large number of stable three-dimensional folds that display a diverse range of highly specific functions in a variety of biological processes. The present review focuses on pseudoknots that act in the regulation of protein synthesis using cellular and viral examples to illustrate their versatility. Emphasis is placed on structurally well-defined pseucloknots that play a role in internal ribosome entry, autoregulation of initiation, ribosomal frameshifting during elongation and trans-translation.