COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AND THEORY OF MIND IN AUTISM - A TEST OF RELEVANCE THEORY
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AND THEORY OF MIND IN AUTISM - A TEST OF RELEVANCE THEORY
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DOI：
10.1016/0010-0277(93)90026-r
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发表时间：
1993-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
HAPPE, FGE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAPPE, FGE
Sperber 和 Wilson (1986) 的关联理论明确了意图理解在人类交流中的作用。据推测，自闭症患者在归因此类心理状态（例如信念、意图）的能力方面存在特定且特征性的障碍；缺乏“心智理论”。根据关联理论，自闭症患者在使用语言进行交流方面应该存在特定的困难。相关性理论可以精确预测沟通能力的水平，而这在没有、只有一阶或二阶心智理论能力的情况下应该是可能的。报道了三项实验，这些实验在有能力的自闭症和正常的年轻受试者中测试了根据相关性和心理理论分析比喻语言得出的预测。结果为相关性理论提供了支持。此外，研究结果表明，一些自闭症受试者最终能够归因于精神状态。最后，结果表明自闭症的社会和交流理解与正常发展之间存在密切联系。
Sperber and Wilson's (1986) relevance theory makes explicit the role of the comprehension of intentions in human communication. Autistic people have been hypothesized to suffer from a specific and characteristic impairment in the ability to attribute such mental states (e.g., beliefs, intentions); a lack of ''theory of mind''. According to relevance theory, then, autistic people should have specific difficulties with the use of language for communication. Relevance theory allows precise predictions about the levels of communicative competence that should be possible with either no, first-order only, or second-order theory of mind ability. Three experiments are reported which tested predictions following from the analysis of figurative language in terms of relevance and theory of mind, in able autistic and normal young subjects. The results lend support to relevance theory. In addition, the findings suggest that some autistic subjects are eventually able to attribute mental states. Lastly, the results demonstrate close links between social and communicative understanding in autism and normal development.