Utilization of stored elastic energy in leg extensor muscles by men and women.
Utilization of stored elastic energy in leg extensor muscles by men and women.
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男性和女性利用腿部伸肌中储存的弹性能量。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Bosco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Komi Pv;C. Bosco
运动中的偏心-同心收缩的交替循环代表了弹性能量的储存和利用发生的顺序。这是可能的，这种存储容量和它的利用取决于在激活肌肉的拉伸负荷，性别差异可能存在于这些现象。为了研究这些假设的差异，来自男性和身体状况良好的受试者在测力台上进行了以下实验条件下的垂直跳跃：从静止的起始位置进行蹲跳（SJ），从自由站立位置进行反向运动跳跃（CMJ），并进行预备反向运动。从不同高度（20至100厘米）跳到平台上，然后立即垂直跳。在所有受试者中，SJ（在这种情况下没有明显的弹性能量储存）产生了全身重心（CG）的最低上升高度。拉伸载荷（跌落高度）对性能有影响，C. of G.当跌落高度从26 cm增加到62 cm（男性）和从20 cm增加到50 cm（女性）时，在所有的跳跃条件下，男子都比女子跳得高。然而，检查的弹性能量的利用表明，在CMJ的女性受试者能够利用大部分（相当于90%）的能量产生的预拉伸阶段。同样，在DJ中，与男性相比，女性在SJ条件下的正能量总体变化更高。因此，结果表明，虽然男性受试者的腿伸肌可以承受更高的拉伸负荷，女性可能能够利用更大部分的存储弹性能量在跳跃活动。
An alternating cycle of eccentric-concentric contractions in locomotion represents a sequence when storage and utilization of elastic energy takes place. It is possible that this storage capacity and its utilization depends on the imposed stretch loads in activated muscles, and that sex differences may be present in these phenomena. To investigate these assumed differences, subjects from both sexes and of good physical condition performed vertical jumps on the force-platform from the following experimental conditions: squatting jump (SJ) from a static starting position; counter-movement jump (CMJ) from a free standing position and with a preparatory counter-movement; drop jumps (DJ) from the various heights (20 to 100 cm) on to the platform followed immediately by a vertical jump. In all subjects the SJ, in which condition no appreciable storage of elastic energy takes place, produced the lowest height of rise of the whole body center of gravity (C.G.). The stretch load (drop height) influenced the performance so that height of rise of C. of G. increased when the drop height increased from 26 up to 62 cm (males) and from 20 to 50 cm (females). In all jumping conditions the men jumped higher than the women. However, examination of the utilization of elastic energy indicated that in CMJ the female subjects were able to utilize most (congruent to 90%) of the energy produced in the prestretching phase. Similarly, in DJ the overall change in positive energy over SJ condition was higher in women as compared to men. Thus the results suggest that although the leg extensor muscles of the men subjects could sustain much higher stretch loads, the females may be able to utilize a greater portion of the stored elastic energy in jumping activities.