Acid-Base Regulation
Acid-Base Regulation
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酸碱调节
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-73336-9_8
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
N. Heisler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Heisler
调节酸碱状态是维持活体动物体内平衡的一项重要任务。pH与预定设定点值的偏差可能导致代谢性能降低，这是由于代谢途径的总体pH/活性关系中通常明显的最佳值。酸碱调节的机制在脊椎动物种类之间和脊椎动物种类内没有差异，但是某些过程被利用或可以被利用的程度可能有很大的不同。因此，缓冲、PCO 2变化、跨膜和跨上皮酸碱相关离子转移（这些是其他脊椎动物中的主要调节过程）也是板鳃类鱼类的有效机制（关于这些机制在鱼类中的相对重要性和理论局限性的进一步分析，见Heisler 1986 d，e）。
Regulation of the acid-base status is an imperative task for maintenance of homeostasis in living animals. Deviations of pH from the predetermined setpoint values may result in reduced metabolic performance as a result of the often pronounced optima in the overall pH/activity relationships of metabolic pathways. The mechanisms involved in acid-base regulation do not differ among and within vertebrate classes, but the extent to which certain processes are, or can be, utilized may be vastly different. Accordingly, buffering, changes in PCO2, and transmembrane and transepithelial acid-base-relevant ion transfer, which are the main regulatory processes in other vertebrates, are also valid mechanisms for elasmobranch fishes (for closer analysis of relative importance and theoretical limitations of these mechanisms in fishes, see Heisler 1986d, e).