A review of deviant phenotypes in bees in relation to brood parasitism, and a gynandromorph of Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
A review of deviant phenotypes in bees in relation to brood parasitism, and a gynandromorph of Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
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蜜蜂异常表型与巢寄生相关的综述，以及巨翅目（膜翅目：Halictidae）的雌雄同体
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
L. ARNESON 2
中科院分区：
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作者：
W. Wcislo;V. H. GONZALEZ 1;L. ARNESON 2
本文回顾了蜜蜂雌雄异型的发生情况，并将其描述为与雄性或雌性野生型的变异。表型异常在主体区域(头部、胸部、化生)中出现的频率大致相同。性格状态的跨性别表达在女性(即男性相似特征的异常表达)中比在男性(即女性相似特征的异常表达)中更常见。这样的病理表明，发育转换机制可能会产生类似于表现为幼虫寄生特征综合征的新结构特征。我们还描述了该部落第一只已知的雌雄同体蜜蜂，即夜间活动蜜蜂Megalopta genalis的标本。
We review the occurrence of gynandromorphy in 64 species of bee, and describe the abnormal traits as deviations from the male or female wild-type. Pheno-deviants occur at approximately equal frequency among the main body regions (head, thorax, metasoma). Cross-sex expression of character states occur more often among females (i.e. deviant expression of male-like traits) than among males (i.e. deviant expression of female-like traits). Such pathologies demonstrate how developmental switch mechanisms might generate novel structural traits similar to those expressed as a syndrome of brood parasitic traits. We also describe the first known gynandromorphic bee in the tribe Augochlorini, a specimen of the nocturnal bee, Megalopta genalis.