An Outline of the Geology of Madagascar
An Outline of the Geology of Madagascar
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马达加斯加地质概况
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Nairn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Boast;A. Nairn
马达加斯加是世界上较大的岛屿之一，尽管早在法国殖民时期就一直在进行地质调查，但在非法语世界，我们对该岛的地质了解仍然不足。尽管人们可能认为人们已经产生了兴趣，首先是韦格纳理论的结果，然后是后来由于地球物理研究的结果而重新激活的结果。韦格纳提出半个世纪后，对于在大陆重建中马达加斯加是否应该置于北部的坦桑尼亚海岸附近（例如，McElhinny 和 Embleton，1976）、紧邻莫桑比克-纳塔尔海岸（Flores 1970），还是基本上留在原地（Kent 1974，Nairn 1978），仍然没有达成一致。除了麦金利（McKinley，1960）将坦桑尼亚西南部的卡鲁系列与马达加斯加的卡鲁系列进行比较之外，很少有人尝试遵循著名的“出海”地质法则。一个关键原因是，尽管可能有数千项涉及马达加斯加地质学的参考书目，如 Besairie (1971) 声称的那样，但它们并不是普遍可用的。通过二战后石油勘探获得的近海地区地质的重要信息在很大程度上仍然是专有的。如果没有这些数据，任何账户都不可避免地是不完整的。事实上，主要的信息来源（本文重点引用的来源）是 Besairie（1971 年）的《马达加斯加地质》以及后来的概要（Besairie，1973 年）。
Madagascar is one of the larger islands in the world, and although there has been a geological survey which was active extending back well into French colonial times, in the non-French-speaking world our geological understanding of the island has remained inadequate. This is despite the interest which might have been assumed to have accrued, first as a result of Wegener’s theory and then from its later reactivation as a result of geophysical research. Half a century after Wegener there is still no agreement as to whether in continental reconstructions Madagascar should be placed adjacent to the Tanzanian coast to the north (e.g., McElhinny and Embleton,1976), against the Mozambique-Natal coast (Flores 1970), or basically left where it is (Kent 1974, Nairn 1978). There have been few attempts apart from McKinley’s (1960) comparison of the Karoo succession of southwestern Tanzania with that of Madagascar to follow the famous geological precept of “going to sea.” One critical reason is that although there may be a bibliography of several thousand items dealing with Madagascan geology as Besairie (1971) claims, they are items not generally available. The vital information gained of the geology of the offshore area by post-World War II petroleum exploration has remained largely proprietary. Without such data any account is inevitably incomplete. Indeed, the principal source of information, a source upon which this article draws heavily, is Besairie’s (1971) Geologie de Madagascar, and a later precis (Besairie, 1973).