Multiple time scales and multiform dynamics in learning to juggle
Multiple time scales and multiform dynamics in learning to juggle
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DOI：
10.1123/mcj.8.2.188
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Beek, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huys, R;Daffertshofer, A;Beek, PJ
为了研究知觉-运动技能的习得作为动态模式形成的一个实例，我们研究了姿势摆动以及眼睛和头部运动的演变与表现变化的关系，同时13名新手练习了9周的三球级联杂耍。重复记录球的运动轨迹、姿势摆动以及眼睛和头部的运动。在连续投掷的次数以及球轨迹之间的频率和相位锁定程度方面，性能都呈指数级提高。表现的这些方面在不同的时间尺度上演变，表明学习中存在时间层次。姿势摆动，眼睛和头部的运动通常是3：2，有时是3：1的频率锁定到球的轨迹。通常，这些振荡过程的幅度以类似于球之间的锁相程度增加的速度指数地下降。相反，除了一些不稳定的演化外，这些振荡过程之间的协调在不同的时间尺度上以指数方式演化。总而言之，这些发现表明，知觉-运动领域的技能习得涉及多个时间尺度和多种形式的动力学，无论是从目标行为本身的发展来看，还是从为该目标行为服务的过程的演变来看。
To study the acquisition of perceptual-motor skills as an instance of dynamic pattern formation, we examined the evolution of postural sway and eye and head movements in relation to changes in performance, while 13 novices practiced 3-ball cascade juggling for 9 weeks. Ball trajectories, postural sway, and eye and head movements were recorded repeatedly. Performance improved exponentially, both in terms of the number of consecutive throws and the degree of frequency and phase locking between the ball trajectories. These aspects of performance evolved at different time scales, indicating the presence of a temporal hierarchy in learning. Postural sway, and eye and head movements were often 3:2 and sometimes 3:1 frequency locked to the ball trajectories. As a rule, the amplitudes of these oscillatory processes decreased exponentially at rates similar to that of the increase in the degree of phase locking between the balls. In contrast, the coordination between these oscillatory processes evolved exponentially at different time scales, apart from some erratic evolutions. Collectively, these findings indicate that skill acquisition in the perceptual-motor domain involves multiple time scales and multiform dynamics, both in terms of the development of the goal behavior itself and the evolution of the processes subserving this goal behavior.