Human ecological niches and ranges during the LGM in Europe derived from an application of eco-cultural niche modeling
Human ecological niches and ranges during the LGM in Europe derived from an application of eco-cultural niche modeling
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2007.05.011
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Lunt, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banks, William E.;d'Errico, Francesco;Lunt, Daniel
我们应用生态文化生态位模型(ECNM)--一种源自生物多样性科学的启发式方法--来确定旧石器时代晚期狩猎-采集者在末次冰期(LGM)期间在欧洲领土上的宜居部分，圈定索卢特和埃庇特拉维特技术复合体的潜在地理范围，评估影响其分布的环境和适应因素，并讨论该方法对过去人类-环境相互作用的潜在解释。我们的ECNM方法使用了用于规则集预测的遗传算法(GARP)，并使用考古和地理数据的组合作为输入，并结合这一时间框架的高分辨率古气候模拟。考古数据包括由加速器质谱仪确定的LGM地点的地理坐标，并归因于索鲁特和埃庇特拉维特技术杂岩。ECNM预测的区域始终勾勒出人类存在的北部边界，即22,000-20,000卡BP。这一界线主要由气候限制决定，并与冰缘环境和末次冰期冻土条件的已知南部界限相对应。预测的生态位与已知范围的索鲁特里亚和埃皮格拉韦特技术复合体之间的差异被解释为索鲁特里亚种群适应更寒冷和更潮湿的环境，并反映了生态风险对文化地理分布的影响。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
We apply eco-cultural niche modeling (ECNM), an heuristic approach adapted from the biodiversity sciences, to identify habitable portions of the European territory for Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), circumscribe potential geographic extents of the Solutrean and Epigravettian technocomplexes, evaluate environmental and adaptive factors that influenced their distributions, and discuss this method's potential to illuminate past human-environment interaction. Our ECNM approach employed the Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction (GARP) and used as input a combination of archaeological and geographic data, in conjunction with high-resolution paleoclimatic simulations for this time frame. The archaeological data consist of geographic coordinates of sites dated by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry to the LGM and attributed to the Solutrean and Epigravettian technocomplexes. The areas predicted by ECNM consistently outline the northern boundary of human presence at 22,000 - 20,000 cal BP. This boundary is mainly determined by climatic constraints and corresponds well to known southern limits of periglacial environments and permafrost conditions during the LGM. Differences between predicted ecological niches and known ranges of the Solutrean and Epigravettian technocomplexes are interpreted as Solutrean populations being adapted to colder and more humid environments and as reflecting influences of ecological risk on geographic distributions of cultures. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.