Environmental risk mapping of canine leishmaniasis in France
Environmental risk mapping of canine leishmaniasis in France
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-3305-3-31
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发表时间：
2010-04-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dedet, Jean-Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chamaille, Lise;Tran, Annelise;Dedet, Jean-Pierre
背景：犬利什曼病是由婴儿利什曼原虫引起的一种人畜共患疾病。利什曼病在法国南部流行，但环境和气候因素对其维持和出现的影响仍然知之甚少。从一个回顾数据库中，包括1965至2007年间所有报告法国CAIL患病率或发病率的研究，我们进行了空间分析，以便i)绘制法国报告的病例图，以及ii)制作CANL危险地区的基于环境的地图。我们进行了主成分分析(PCA)和等级优势分类(HAC)，以评估CANL的位置是否可以根据与气候、森林覆盖、人和狗的密度有关的环境变量进行分组。利用物种生态位模型(Maxent模型)绘制了CANL在法国的潜在分布。结果：CANL存在两个空间群。第一组位于塞文地区(中山中南部)，海拔200-1000米，冬季气温较低(平均1.9摄氏度)，年平均降雨量1042毫米，森林覆盖率高。第二组位于地中海沿岸平原，其特点是气温较高，降雨量较少，森林覆盖率较低。这两个类群可能对应于法国两种沙蝇媒介白纹伊蚊(Phlebotomus Ariasi)和佩尼氏白纹伊蚊(Phlebotomus Perniciosus)的有利环境。我们对这两种生态流行病学模式的生态位建模是基于环境变量，并导致了法国CANL的第一张风险地图。结论：结果表明，生态学方法如何有助于我们更好地了解CANL在法国的空间分布。
Background: Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania infantum, a Trypanosomatid protozoan transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Leishmaniasis is endemic in southern France, but the influences of environmental and climatic factors on its maintenance and emergence remain poorly understood. From a retrospective database, including all the studies reporting prevalence or incidence of CanL in France between 1965 and 2007, we performed a spatial analysis in order to i) map the reported cases in France, and ii) produce an environment-based map of the areas at risk for CanL. We performed a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) followed by a Hierarchical Ascendant Classification (HAC) to assess if the locations of CanL could be grouped according to environmental variables related to climate, forest cover, and human and dog densities. For each group, the potential distribution of CanL in France was mapped using a species niche modelling approach (Maxent model).Results: Results revealed the existence of two spatial groups of CanL cases. The first group is located in the Cevennes region (southern Massif Central), at altitudes of 200-1000 m above sea level, characterized by relatively low winter temperatures (1.9 degrees C average), 1042 mm average annual rainfall and much forest cover. The second group is located on the Mediterranean coastal plain, characterized by higher temperatures, lower rainfall and less forest cover. These two groups may correspond to the environments favoured by the two sandfly vectors in France, Phlebotomus ariasi and Phlebotomus perniciosus respectively. Our niche modelling of these two eco-epidemiological patterns was based on environmental variables and led to the first risk map for CanL in France.Conclusion: Results show how an ecological approach can help to improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of CanL in France.