Plane-Aided Visual-Inertial Odometry for 6-DOF Pose Estimation of a Robotic Navigation Aid.

Plane-Aided Visual-Inertial Odometry for 6-DOF Pose Estimation of a Robotic Navigation Aid.
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DOI:
10.1109/access.2020.2994299
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
IEEE access : practical innovations, open solutions
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ye C
Ye C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang HE;Ye C

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经典的视觉-惯性里程计(VIO)方法通过融合视觉里程计(VO)估计的摄像机自身运动和惯性测量单元(IMU)测量的运动来估计运动摄像机的6自由度位姿。VIO尝试通过使用VO的输出来更新IMU的偏差的估计,以提高IMU测量的准确性。这种方法只有在可以识别和使用准确的VO输出时才有效。然而,没有可靠的方法,可以用来执行的VO的准确性的在线评估。在本文中,一个新的VIO方法介绍了机器人导航辅助(RNA),使用3D飞行时间相机辅助导航的姿态估计。该方法被称为平面辅助视觉惯性里程计(PAVIO),从当前相机视图的3D点云中提取平面,并通过使用IMU的测量将它们跟踪到下一个相机视图。计算每个跟踪平面的参数的协方差矩阵,并用于执行基于卡方检验的平面一致性检查,以评估VO的输出的准确性。PAVIO只接受准确的VO输出。所接受的VO输出、所提取的平面的信息以及IMU随时间的测量值用于创建因子图。该方法通过对图像的优化,提高了惯组偏差估计的精度,减小了摄像机的位姿误差。RNA实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。PAVIO可用于估计任何基于3D相机的视觉惯性导航系统的6自由度姿态。
The classic visual-inertial odometry (VIO) method estimates the 6-DOF pose of a moving camera by fusing the camera’s ego-motion estimated by visual odometry (VO) and the motion measured by an inertial measurement unit (IMU). The VIO attempts to updates the estimates of the IMU’s biases at each step by using the VO’s output to improve the accuracy of IMU measurement. This approach works only if an accurate VO output can be identified and used. However, there is no reliable method that can be used to perform an online evaluation of the accuracy of the VO. In this paper, a new VIO method is introduced for pose estimation of a robotic navigation aid (RNA) that uses a 3D time-of-flight camera for assistive navigation. The method, called plane-aided visual-inertial odometry (PAVIO), extracts planes from the 3D point cloud of the current camera view and track them onto the next camera view by using the IMU’s measurement. The covariance matrix of each tracked plane’s parameters is computed and used to perform a plane consistent check based on a chi-square test to evaluate the accuracy of VO’s output. PAVIO accepts a VO output only if it is accurate. The accepted VO outputs, the information of the extracted planes, and the IMU’s measurements over time are used to create a factor graph. By optimizing the graph, the method improves the accuracy in estimating the IMU bias and reduces the camera’s pose error. Experimental results with the RNA validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. PAVIO can be used to estimate the 6-DOF pose for any 3D-camera-based visual-inertial navigation system.
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