MOGAD patient autoantibodies induce complement, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity.

MOGAD patient autoantibodies induce complement, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity.
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DOI:
10.1172/jci.insight.165373
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发表时间:
2023-06-08
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
O'Connor, Kevin C.
O'Connor, Kevin C.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yandamuri, Soumya S.;Filipek, Beata;Obaid, Abeer H.;Lele, Nikhil;Thurman, Joshua M.;Makhani, Naila;Nowak, Richard J.;Guo, Yong;Lucchinetti, Claudia F.;Flanagan, Eoin P.;Longbrake, Erin E.;O'Connor, Kevin C.

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髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白 (MOG) 抗体相关疾病 (MOGAD) 是一种炎症性脱髓鞘中枢神经系统疾病,其特征是存在 MOG 自身抗体。我们试图研究人类 MOG 自身抗体是否能够通过多种机制介导对 MOG 表达细胞的损伤。我们开发了高通量测定法来测量表达 MOG 的活细胞的补体活性 (CA)、补体依赖性细胞毒性 (CDC)、抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用 (ADCP) 和抗体依赖性细胞毒性 (ADCC)。 MOGAD 患者血清有效介导所有这些效应功能。我们的集体分析表明 (a) 细胞毒性不仅仅取决于 MOG 自身抗体的数量; (b) MOGAD 患者血清对效应器功能的参与是双峰的,一些血清表现出细胞毒性能力,而另一些则没有; (c) CDC 和 ADCP 的强度在接近复发时升高,而 MOG-IgG 结合则不然; (d) 所有 IgG 亚类均可损伤 MOG 表达细胞。典型 MOGAD 病例的组织病理学揭示了病变组织学与血清 CDC 和 ADCP 之间的一致性,并且我们在 MOGAD 复发患者的脑脊液中鉴定了 NK 细胞(ADCC 介质)。因此,MOGAD 衍生的自身抗体通过多种机制对 MOG 表达细胞具有细胞毒性,量化 CDC 和 ADCP 的测定可能被证明是预测未来复发风险的有效工具。
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) is an inflammatory demyelinating CNS condition characterized by the presence of MOG autoantibodies. We sought to investigate whether human MOG autoantibodies are capable of mediating damage to MOG-expressing cells through multiple mechanisms. We developed high-throughput assays to measure complement activity (CA), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of live MOG-expressing cells. MOGAD patient sera effectively mediate all of these effector functions. Our collective analyses reveal that (a) cytotoxicity is not incumbent on MOG autoantibody quantity alone; (b) engagement of effector functions by MOGAD patient serum is bimodal, with some sera exhibiting cytotoxic capacity while others did not; (c) the magnitude of CDC and ADCP is elevated closer to relapse, while MOG-IgG binding is not; and (d) all IgG subclasses can damage MOG-expressing cells. Histopathology from a representative MOGAD case revealed congruence between lesion histology and serum CDC and ADCP, and we identified NK cells, mediators of ADCC, in the cerebrospinal fluid of relapsing patients with MOGAD. Thus, MOGAD-derived autoantibodies are cytotoxic to MOG-expressing cells through multiple mechanisms, and assays quantifying CDC and ADCP may prove to be effective tools for predicting risk of future relapses.
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