A mixture theory for charged-hydrated soft tissues containing multi-electrolytes: Passive transport and swelling behaviors
A mixture theory for charged-hydrated soft tissues containing multi-electrolytes: Passive transport and swelling behaviors
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DOI：
10.1115/1.2798299
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发表时间：
1998-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Mow, VC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, WY;Lai, WM;Mow, VC
提出了一种新的混合物理论来模拟含多种电解质的带电水合软组织的机械电化学行为。该混合物由n + 2种成分组成（1种带电固相，1种不带电溶剂相和n种离子物质）。从这个理论的结果表明，三种类型的力参与了离子和溶剂通过slrch材料的传输：（1）机械化学力（包括液压和渗透压）;（2）电化学力;（3）电力。我们的研究结果还表明，需要三种类型的材料系数来表征这些离子和溶剂的传输速率：（1）水力渗透率;（2）机械-电化学耦合系数;和（3）离子电导矩阵。具体而言，我们推导出这些力和材料系数之间的基本关系，以描述诸如流动电位、流动电流、扩散（膜）电位、电渗和异常（负）渗透等机械阳极电化学转导效应。作为一个例子，我们表明，著名的公式为静息细胞膜电位（霍奇金和赫胥黎，1952年a，B）可以得到使用我们的新的n + 2混合物模型（广义三相理论）。一般来说，n + 2混合物理论与所有先前关于带电水合组织的特定方面的理论一致并包含它们。此外，我们的研究结果提供了应力，应变和流体速度场在有限厚度的组织在一维稳态扩散过程中。计算了Na+和Ca++在组织中的交换。这些数值结果支持我们的假设，即组织固定电荷密度（C（F））起着重要的作用，在调制动力学的离子和溶剂运输通过带电水合软组织。
A new mixture theory was developed to model the mechano-electrochemical behaviors of charged hydrated soft tissues containing multi-electrolytes. The mixture is composed of n + 2 constituents (1 charged solid phase, 1 noncharged solvent phase, and n ion species). Results from this theory show that three types of force are involved in the transport of ions and solvent through slrch materials: (1) a mechanochemical force (including hydraulic and osmotic pressures); (2) an electrochemical force; and (3) an electrical force. Our results also show that three types of material coefficients are required to characterize the transport rates of these ions and solvent: (1) a hydraulic permeability; (2) mechano-electrochemical coupling coefficients; and (3) an ionic conductance matrix. Specifically, we derived the fundamental governing relationships between these forces and material coefficients to describe such mech ano-electrochemical transduction effects as streaming potential, streaming current, diffusion (membrane) potential, electro-osmosis, and anomalous (negative) osmosis. As an example, we showed that the well-known formula for the resting cell membrane potential (Hodgkin and Huxley, 1952a, b) could be derived using our new n + 2 mixture model (a generalized triphasic theory). In general, the n + 2 mixture theory is consistent with and subsumes all previous theories pertaining to specific aspects of charged-hydrated tissues. In addition, our results provided the stress, strain, and fluid velocity fields within a tissue of finite thickness during a one-dimensional steady diffusion process. Numerical results were provided for the exchange of Na+ and Ca++ through the tissue. These numerical results support our hypothesis that tissue fixed charge density (c(F)) plays a significant role in modulating kinetics of ions and solvent transport through charged-hydrated soft tissues.