Actomyosin meshwork mechanosensing enables tissue shape to orient cell force.
Actomyosin meshwork mechanosensing enables tissue shape to orient cell force.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms15014
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发表时间：
2017-05-15
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Martin AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chanet S;Miller CJ;Vaishnav ED;Ermentrout B;Davidson LA;Martin AC
塑造生物体形状需要细胞产生具有适当方向性的力。因此，了解细胞如何定向细胞骨架以产生使组织变形的力至关重要。在果蝇原肠胚形成期间，腹侧细胞中的肌动球蛋白收缩产生长而窄的上皮沟，称为腹侧沟，其中肌动球蛋白纤维和张力沿着沟的长度定向。通过结合改变组织形状的遗传和机械扰动，我们证明几何和机械约束可以作为腹侧沟形成过程中细胞骨架和张力定向的线索。我们开发了二维肌动球蛋白网收缩的计算机模型，证明肌动球蛋白网表现出响应机械约束的固有力定向机制。总之，我们的体内和计算机数据提供了一个框架，用于了解细胞如何定向力的产生，确定组织中力产生的几何和机械模式的作用。大规模的组织重组需要产生定向张力，这就需要细胞骨架的定向。这里是夏内等人。改变果蝇胚胎中的组织形状和张力，以表明几何和机械约束充当细胞骨架和张力定向的线索。
Sculpting organism shape requires that cells produce forces with proper directionality. Thus, it is critical to understand how cells orient the cytoskeleton to produce forces that deform tissues. During Drosophila gastrulation, actomyosin contraction in ventral cells generates a long, narrow epithelial furrow, termed the ventral furrow, in which actomyosin fibres and tension are directed along the length of the furrow. Using a combination of genetic and mechanical perturbations that alter tissue shape, we demonstrate that geometrical and mechanical constraints act as cues to orient the cytoskeleton and tension during ventral furrow formation. We developed an in silico model of two-dimensional actomyosin meshwork contraction, demonstrating that actomyosin meshworks exhibit an inherent force orienting mechanism in response to mechanical constraints. Together, our in vivo and in silico data provide a framework for understanding how cells orient force generation, establishing a role for geometrical and mechanical patterning of force production in tissues. Large-scale tissue reorganization requires the generation of directional tension, which requires orientation of the cytoskeleton. Here Chanet et al. alter tissue shape and tension in the Drosophila embryo to show that geometric and mechanical constraints act as cues to orient the cytoskeleton and tension.