The formation of planetary systems with SPICA

The formation of planetary systems with SPICA
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用 SPICA 形成行星系统

DOI:
10.1017/pasa.2021.31
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
Kamp I
Kamp I
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kamp I

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在这个用阿塔卡马大型毫米波阵列(阿尔马)和大型地面望远镜(如甚大望远镜(VLT)、凯克和斯巴鲁)对行星形成盘进行空间分辨观测的时代,我们仍然缺乏关于行星形成物质的数量和组成的统计相关信息,如总盘气体质量、尘埃中的冰含量和微行星中水的状态。宇宙学和天体物理学空间红外望远镜(SPICA)是日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)和欧洲航天局(ESA)为解决这些问题而联合开发的红外空间使命概念。SPICA的关键独特能力,使这项研究是(1)广泛的光谱覆盖,(2)高线检测灵敏度的远红外(SAFARI),并在中红外(SPICA中红外仪器(SMI),光谱分辨谱线轮廓),(3)0.45 mJ y的高远红外连续灵敏度(SAFARI),(4)点源调查的观测效率。本文详细介绍了中红外到远红外光谱在测量盘的气体质量和水/冰含量方面的独特性,以及这些量在行星形成期间如何演变。这些观测将阐明当盘耗尽其原始气体时的关键转变,进一步的行星形成需要由微行星产生的次级气体。高光谱分辨率的中红外也是确定雪线的位置划分岩石和冰的质量水库内的磁盘和如何划分演变过程中的行星系统的独特。关键固态波段的红外光谱(中红外到远红外)对于评估广泛的径向混合(这是我们太阳系历史的一部分)是否是大多数行星系统中发生的一般过程以及太阳系外的微行星是否与我们太阳系的彗星/小行星相似至关重要。我们证明,SPICA使命的概念将使我们能够实现上述雄心勃勃的科学目标,通过大型调查的数百个磁盘在几个月的观测时间。
In this era of spatially resolved observations of planet-forming disks with Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and large ground-based telescopes such as the Very Large Telescope (VLT), Keck, and Subaru, we still lack statistically relevant information on the quantity and composition of the material that is building the planets, such as the total disk gas mass, the ice content of dust, and the state of water in planetesimals. SPace Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) is an infrared space mission concept developed jointly by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and European Space Agency (ESA) to address these questions. The key unique capabilities of SPICA that enable this research are (1) the wide spectral coverage , (2) the high line detection sensitivity of with in the far-IR (SAFARI), and with in the mid-IR (SPICA Mid-infrared Instrument (SMI), spectrally resolving line profiles), (3) the high far-IR continuum sensitivity of 0.45 mJy (SAFARI), and (4) the observing efficiency for point source surveys. This paper details how mid- to far-IR infrared spectra will be unique in measuring the gas masses and water/ice content of disks and how these quantities evolve during the planet-forming period. These observations will clarify the crucial transition when disks exhaust their primordial gas and further planet formation requires secondary gas produced from planetesimals. The high spectral resolution mid-IR is also unique for determining the location of the snowline dividing the rocky and icy mass reservoirs within the disk and how the divide evolves during the build-up of planetary systems. Infrared spectroscopy (mid- to far-IR) of key solid-state bands is crucial for assessing whether extensive radial mixing, which is part of our Solar System history, is a general process occurring in most planetary systems and whether extrasolar planetesimals are similar to our Solar System comets/asteroids. We demonstrate that the SPICA mission concept would allow us to achieve the above ambitious science goals through large surveys of several hundred disks within months of observing time.
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