Nitrogen Nutrition and Ammonium Toxicity in Higher Plants
Nitrogen Nutrition and Ammonium Toxicity in Higher Plants
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DOI：
10.3923/ijb.2011.1.16
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Aschi-Smiti, Samira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Horchani, Faouzi;R'bia, Olfa;Aschi-Smiti, Samira
植物对铵（NH4+）营养的广泛响应可用于研究铵（NH4+）对植物代谢的干扰方式，以及评估植物对铵（NH4+）耐受性的一些相关特性。NH4+毒性是一个全球性的生态和经济问题。在本文中，我们讨论了NH4+毒性的主要主题，包括NH4+在生物圈中的发生，野生和驯化物种对NH4+营养的反应差异，毒性的症状和可能的毒性机制以及减轻NH4+毒性的方法。在可能的情况下，硝酸盐（NO3-）营养被用作比较点。特别强调的是放置在细胞pH值，离子平衡，与碳生物化学和初级NH4+运输的生物能量学的关系的问题。在整个过程中，我们试图确定有争议的领域和需要进一步审查的领域。
The wide range of plant responses to ammonium (NH4+) nutrition can be used to study the way NH4+ interferes with plant metabolism and to assess some characteristics related with NH4+ tolerance by plants. NH4+ toxicity is an issue of global ecological and economic importance. In this review, we discuss the major themes of NH4+ toxicity, including the occurrence of NH4+ in the biosphere, response differences to NH4+ nutrition among wild and domesticated species, symptoms and proposed mechanisms underlying toxicity and means by which it can be alleviated. Where possible, nitrate (NO3-) nutrition is used as point of comparison. Particular emphasis is placed on issues of cellular pH, ionic balance, relationships with carbon biochemistry and bioenergetics of primary NH4+ transport. Throughout, we attempt to identify areas that are controversial and areas that are in need of further examination.