Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders.
Relations of Distinct Psychopathic Personality Traits with Anxiety and Fear: Findings from Offenders and Non-Offenders.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0143120
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rotshtein P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gillespie SM;Mitchell IJ;Satherley RM;Beech AR;Rotshtein P
早期对精神病的描述强调无畏和缺乏紧张或焦虑是该障碍的主要特征。然而，相互矛盾的证据表明，焦虑可能与精神变态结构的某些方面呈正相关。当考虑到精神病人格中恐惧相关刺激的加工受损时，这一观点似乎有些自相矛盾。本研究的目的是在非罪犯(研究1)和暴力罪犯(研究2)样本中检验冷酷、以自我为中心和反社会的心理变态特征与焦虑和社交焦虑的不同关系。在研究2中，我们还使用了一项情绪识别任务来检验恐惧面孔识别。在研究1和研究2中，我们发现以自我为中心和反社会的精神病态特征与特质焦虑之间存在明显的和相反的显著关系。因此，虽然特质焦虑被以自我为中心的特质负向预测，但在两个样本中，反社会特质对特质焦虑有正向预测。在研究2中，我们发现冷酷无情的特征预示着恐惧面孔识别的更大损害。这些发现表明，焦虑和恐惧是与精神病态人格特征相关的可区分的结构，并从这两个结构的潜在可分离机制的角度进行了讨论。
Early descriptions of psychopathy emphasise fearlessness and a lack of nervousness or anxiety as key characteristics of the disorder. However, conflicting evidence suggests that anxiety may be positively correlated with some aspects of the psychopathy construct. This position may seem somewhat paradoxical when considered alongside impaired processing of fear related stimuli in psychopathic personality. The aim of the current paper was to examine the distinct relations of callous, egocentric, and antisocial psychopathic traits with measures of anxiety and social anxiety in samples of non-offenders (Study 1) and violent offenders (Study 2). In Study 2 we also used an emotion recognition task to examine fearful face recognition. In Studies 1 and 2 we showed distinct and opposite significant relationships of egocentric and antisocial psychopathic traits with trait anxiety. Thus, while trait anxiety was negatively predicted by egocentric traits, it was predicted in a positive direction by antisocial traits in both samples. In Study 2 we found that callous traits were predictive of greater impairments in fearful face recognition. These findings suggest that anxiety and fear are distinguishable constructs in relation to psychopathic personality traits, and are discussed in terms of potentially separable mechanisms for these two constructs.