Musical experience is linked to enhanced dimension-selective attention to pitch and increased primary weighting during suprasegmental categorization.
Musical experience is linked to enhanced dimension-selective attention to pitch and increased primary weighting during suprasegmental categorization.
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0001217
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发表时间：
2023-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ashley E. Symons;A. Tierney
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文献类型：
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作者：
Ashley E. Symons;A. Tierney
言语感知需要整合来自多个维度的声学线索的证据。不同的人在他们的线索加权策略，即权重，他们分配给不同的维度在语音分类。在两个实验中，我们调查音乐训练作为一个潜在的预测个体差异的韵律线索加权策略。言语范畴化的注意理论认为，与特定维度的任务相关性相关的先前经验导致该维度吸引注意。实验1测试音乐家和非音乐家在选择性注意言语中的音调和响度的能力是否存在差异。与非音乐家相比，音乐家表现出增强的维度选择性注意音高，但不是响度。实验2检验了音乐家在韵律分类过程中会表现出更大的音高权重的假设，这是由于音乐中音高线索的任务相关性的先前经验。听众分类的短语，在不同程度上的音高和持续时间的语言焦点和短语边界的位置信号。在语言焦点分类，音乐家upweighted音高相比，nonmusicians。在短语边界分类，音乐家upweighted持续时间相对于nonmusicians。这些结果表明，音乐经验与域一般增强的能力，有选择地参加某些声学尺寸的讲话。因此，音乐家可能会在韵律分类过程中将更大的感知权重放在单个主要维度上，而非音乐家可能更有可能选择跨多个维度整合的感知策略。这些发现支持了注意的线索加权理论，即注意影响听者在分类过程中对声学维度的感知加权。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023阿帕，保留所有权利）。
Speech perception requires the integration of evidence from acoustic cues across multiple dimensions. Individuals differ in their cue weighting strategies, that is, the weight they assign to different dimensions during speech categorization. In two experiments, we investigate musical training as one potential predictor of individual differences in prosodic cue weighting strategies. Attentional theories of speech categorization suggest that prior experience with the task-relevance of a particular dimension leads that dimension to attract attention. Experiment 1 tested whether musicians and nonmusicians differed in their ability to selectively attend to pitch and loudness in speech. Compared to nonmusicians, musicians showed enhanced dimension-selective attention to pitch but not loudness. Experiment 2 tested the hypothesis that musicians would show greater pitch weighting during prosodic categorization due to prior experience with the task-relevance of pitch cues in music. Listeners categorized phrases that varied in the extent to which pitch and duration signaled the location of linguistic focus and phrase boundaries. During linguistic focus categorization, musicians upweighted pitch compared to nonmusicians. During phrase boundary categorization, musicians upweighted duration relative to nonmusicians. These results suggest that musical experience is linked with domain-general enhancements in the ability to selectively attend to certain acoustic dimensions in speech. As a result, musicians may place greater perceptual weight on a single primary dimension during prosodic categorization, while nonmusicians may be more likely to choose a perceptual strategy that integrates across multiple dimensions. These findings support attentional theories of cue weighting, which suggest attention influences listeners' perceptual weighting of acoustic dimensions during categorization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).