Presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in feral populations of Xenopus laevis in Chile
Presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in feral populations of Xenopus laevis in Chile
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-009-9577-2
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bosch, Jaime
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Solis, Rigoberto;Lobos, Gabriel;Bosch, Jaime
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) 是两栖动物疾病和种群数量下降以及全球多种无尾动物物种灭绝的致病因子。对于这种真菌在不同大陆的出现，人们提出了多种假设，从全球气候变化到通过两栖动物物种的国际贸易传播 Bd。为了解决这些假设，评估 Bd 在引入的非本地两栖动物物种中的当前分布非常重要。我们对分布在智利的非洲爪蛙 Xenopus laevis 的几个种群进行了采样，以检测 B. dendrobatidis 的存在并评估这种青蛙作为潜在媒介的作用。在十个采样点中，有三个个体携带树状芽孢杆菌感染，研究人群的总体感染率为 24%（58 个分析样本中有 14 个呈阳性）。这种青蛙在智利境内的迅速传播表明病原体的跨种传播是可能的，可能会危及本地物种。这一发现表明迫切需要建立长期监测种群计划，以便及早发现疾病驱动的本地种群规模变化，从而能够及时应用保护措施。
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a causal agent of disease and population decline of amphibian populations, and the extinction of several anuran species worldwide. Diverse hypotheses have been provided for the emergence of this fungus in different continents, ranging from global climate change to the vectoring of Bd via the international trade in amphibian species. In order to address these hypotheses, it is important to assess the current distribution of Bd in the context of introduced non-native amphibian species. We sampled several populations of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis across its distribution in Chile in order to detect the presence of B. dendrobatidis and evaluate the role of this frog as a potential vector. In three of ten sites sampled, individuals harbored B. dendrobatidis infection, with an overall prevalence of infection across the studied populations of 24% (14 positive out of 58 analyzed specimens). The rapid spread exhibited by this frog within Chile suggests that transpecific transmission of the pathogen is possible, perhaps jeopardizing native species. This finding indicates the urgent need to establish long-term monitoring population programs in order to allow early detection disease-driven changes in the sizes of native populations, allowing the prompt application of conservation practices.