The medium-term dynamics of accents on reality television
The medium-term dynamics of accents on reality television
复制标题
真人秀电视口音的中期动态
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peter Graff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morgan Sonderegger;Max Bane;Peter Graff
一个人成年后口音的灵活性有多大？这种灵活性与长期变化有何关系？以前的研究发现，口音在对话互动中非常灵活，但随着时间的推移基本上是稳定的，这导致了人们对个人在社区层面声音变化中所扮演的角色的截然不同的看法。本文利用“自然实验”来研究中期口音动态(从几天到几个月)。自然实验是一档电视真人秀节目，参赛者在一间与世隔绝的房子里生活三个月，并不断被录音，形成一个封闭的系统，在这个系统中，既可以确定参赛者每天说话的动态，也可以解释观察到的任何变化的来源。我们建立了统计模型，检验了12名英语参赛者在14.5小时的自发演讲中，个体内五个语音变量的时间依赖性。我们发现，在中期内，发音的时间依赖性是普遍存在的：发音的每日大幅波动是常态，而较长期的变化在几周到几个月的情况下发生在少数情况下。这些模式反映了之前工作中相互矛盾的发现，并暗示了两者之间可能存在的桥梁。我们认为，语音变量中的时间依赖关系受到发音之间的对比以及说话者之间在口音随时间变化的可塑性方面的系统差异的影响；然而，我们发现只有有限的证据表明个人口音的趋同。我们的结果对个体在发音变化中的作用的理论有一定的意义，并表明中期发音动力学是未来工作的一个富有成效的方向。
How flexible is an individual’s accent during adulthood, and how does this flexibility relate to longer-term change? Previous work has found that accents are remarkably flexible in conversational interaction, but predominantly stable over years, leading to very different views of the role of individuals in community-level sound change. This article examines medium-term accent dynamics (days to months) by taking advantage of a ‘natural experiment’: a reality television show where contestants live in an isolated house for three months and are constantly recorded, forming a closed system where it is possible to both determine the dynamics of contestants’ speech from day to day and reason about the sources of any observed changes. We build statistical models to examine time dependence in five phonetic variables within individuals, in 14.5 hours of spontaneous speech from twelve English-speaking contestants. We find that time dependence in pronunciation is ubiquitous over the medium term: large daily fluctuations in pronunciation are the norm, while longer-term change over weeks to months occurs in a minority of cases. These patterns mirror the conflicting findings of previous work and suggest a possible bridge between the two. We argue that time dependence in phonetic variables is influenced by contrast between sounds, as well as systematic differences between speakers in how malleable their accents are over time; however, we find only limited evidence for convergence in individuals’ accents. Our results have implications for theories of the role of individuals in sound change, and suggest that medium-term pronunciation dynamics are a fruitful direction for future work.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Kim M;Horton WS;Bradlow AR
通讯作者：
Bradlow AR
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Barr, Dale J.;Levy, Roger;Scheepers, Christoph;Tily, Harry J.
通讯作者：
Tily, Harry J.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
HILLENBRAND, J;GETTY, LA;WHEELER, K
通讯作者：
WHEELER, K
英格兰北部两个元音变化的社会和语言限制的相互作用
影响因子：
1
作者：
Haddican B
通讯作者：
Haddican B