Formation, structure and climatic significance of blue rings and frost rings in high elevation bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey)
Formation, structure and climatic significance of blue rings and frost rings in high elevation bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey)
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高海拔狐尾松蓝环和霜环的形成、结构及其气候意义
DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106516
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hughes, M.K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tardif, J.C.;Salzer, M.W.;Conciatori, F.;Bunn, A.G.;Hughes, M.K.
对树木年轮的解剖不规则性的研究最近获得了动力，作为传统树木年轮测量的补充，因为它们可以提供有关极端气候事件的信息。分析了狐尾松（Pinus longaevaD.K.）的蓝环（BR）和霜环（FR）两种异常。位于内华达州东北部沿海拔梯度生长的树木。这两个亚年轮异常被系统地编译了两个时期；一个以公元536年为中心（以火山引起的气候变冷期而闻名），另一个以公元1965年为中心（由于仪器气候数据的可用性而有用）。523 ~ 545年间（n≥10棵），532年和536年均有大量BR和晚木FR (LWFR)， 539年~ 542年有BR集群。早期树木单独记录BR（没有伴随的LWFR）的年份比现代时期（1954-2006 CE； n≥10棵树）更频繁，因为这两种异常倾向于同时发生。这些结果表明536年的生长期比20世纪短。现代BR/LWFR在1965年和1978年最为丰富。这两种异常现象主要发生在海拔最高的树木上，而且都发生在整个生长季节气温低于平均水平的年份。解剖学上，BR和LWFR在管胞尺寸上没有显著差异，除了LWFR明显显示与低于冰点温度相关的损伤。BR和LWFR不同于“正常”年轮的主要特征是后期木材次生壁厚度显著减少。输入。龙木（longaeva）， BR类似浅色的红木（浅色）年轮，由于生长季节短而凉爽，导致管胞木质化减少（或中断）。在种生产极窄的晚木，如p。长期观测可能难以在宏观上识别苍白的晚木年，因此使得BR的微观研究在古气候研究中作为气候代理有用。
The study of anatomical irregularities in tree rings has recently gained momentum as a complement to traditional tree-ring measurements as they may provide information on extreme climatic events. Two anomalies, blue rings (BR) and frost rings (FR), were analyzed in bristlecone pine (Pinus longaevaD.K. Bailey) trees located along an elevation gradient in northeastern Nevada. These two subannual ring anomalies were systematically compiled for two periods; one centered on 536 CE (well-known for a volcanically-induced period of climatic cooling) and the other on 1965 CE (useful due to the availability of instrumental climate data). During the period 523–545 CE (n ≥ 10 trees), both BR and latewood FR (LWFR) were recorded abundantly in 532 and 536, as well as a BR cluster from 539 to 542 CE. Years when trees solely recorded a BR (without an accompanying LWFR) were more frequent in the earlier period than in the modern period (1954–2006 CE; n ≥ 10 trees) when both anomalies tended to co-occur. These results suggest a shorter growing season in the 536 period than in the 20th century. Modern BR/LWFR were most abundant in 1965 and 1978 CE. Both anomalies were mainly observed in the highest elevation trees and both were produced in years characterized by cooler than average temperatures throughout the growing season. Anatomically, BR and LWFR did not differ significantly in tracheid dimensions except that LWFR clearly showed damages associated with sub-freezing temperatures. The main feature distinguishing BR and LWFR from “normal” tree rings was a significant reduction in latewood secondary wall thickness. InP. longaeva, BR like pale latewood (light) rings, result from short and cool growing seasons which leads to reduced (or interrupted) lignification of tracheids. In species producing extremely narrow latewood likeP. longaevait may be difficult to macroscopically identify pale latewood years, thus rendering microscopic investigation of BR as a climate proxy useful in paleoclimatic research.
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发表时间：
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Ziaco E;Biondi F;Rossi S;Deslauriers A
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