Effects of prior retrieval on adult age differences in long-term recall of activities.
Effects of prior retrieval on adult age differences in long-term recall of activities.
复制标题
先前检索对长期活动回忆中成人年龄差异的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/03610739008253875
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Wiley,JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kausler,DH;Wiley,JG
对年轻人和老年人受试者都测试了先前的短期检索对以后的长期活动回忆的有益影响。对于一系列 12 项活动，短期回忆测试在每组 2、4 或 6 项活动之后进行。相对于未接受插值短期测试的对照条件，两个年龄水平的插值回忆条件的长期回忆总体较高。然而，与年龄相关的缺陷的严重程度不受各种条件的影响。每四项活动后接受短期测试的组的长期记忆增幅最大。先前检索作为助记符的最佳好处似乎来自于需要一定程度的认知努力以及适度高水平的成功短期检索的条件。此外，在 6 项活动的简短列表以及 12 项较长的活动列表中，发现了与年龄相关的显着记忆缺陷。
The beneficial effects of prior short-term retrieval on the later long-term recall of activities were tested for both young adult and elderly adult subjects. For a series of 12 activities, short-term recall tests occurred after each block of 2, 4, or 6 activities. Relative to a control condition receiving no interpolated short-term tests, long-term recall was higher overall for the interpolated recall conditions at both age levels. However, the magnitude of the age-related deficit was unaffected by the various conditions. The greatest increment in long-term recall occurred for the groups receiving short-term tests after every four activities. The optimal benefit of prior retrieval as a mnemonic seems to come from conditions that demand some degree of cognitive effort as well as a moderately high level of successful short-term retrieval. In addition, a significant age-related deficit in recall was found for a short list of 6 activities as well as for the longer list of 12 activities.