Neuropeptide Y-related peptides and their receptors--are the receptors potential therapeutic drug targets?
Neuropeptide Y-related peptides and their receptors--are the receptors potential therapeutic drug targets?
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.pa.33.040193.001521
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
Claes Wahlestedt;Donald J. Reis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Claes Wahlestedt;Donald J. Reis
自从Tatemoto&Mutt(1，2)发现神经肽Y(也称为神经肽酪氨酸或NPY)以来，已经过去了十年。这种由36个氨基酸组成的多肽，可以说是迄今为止发现的最丰富和分布最广泛的神经多肽，已经刺激了数千篇科学出版物。神经肽Y似乎符合主要的神经递质标准，因为它储存在突触颗粒(3)中，在电刺激神经时释放(4，5)，并作用于特定的受体(如。6)。最初，许多与NPY相关的工作涉及它与经典发射机的共存(例如，去甲肾上腺素)及其在共传递中的可能作用；这些研究路线与神经元使用多个信使分子的普遍接受不谋而合，其中至少有一个通常是肽。NPY经常被用来研究协同传递，特别是它与“经典”神经递质去甲肾上腺素在介导交感血管收缩中的关系(6-9)。尽管NPY作为协同释放递质的调节器的作用仍然是许多研究者关注的焦点，但人们已经意识到NPY本身也可能是一个重要的信使，可能特别是在大脑中，在那里NPY
A decade has passed since the discovery of neuropeptide Y (also known as neuropeptide tyrosine or NPY) by Tatemoto & Mutt (1, 2). This 36-amino-acid peptide, arguably the most abundant and widely distributed of neuropeptides discovered to date, has stimulated several thousand scientific publications . NPY seems to fulfill the main neurotransmitter criteria, since it i s stored in synaptic granulae (3), is released upon electrical nerve stimulation (4 , 5) and acts at specific receptors (e .g . 6). Initially, much NPY-related work concerned its coexistence with classical transmitters (e. g . , norepinephrine) and its possible role in cotransmission; these lines of investigation coincided with the general acceptance that neurons use multiple messenger molecules, at least one of which is commonly a peptide. NPY has been frequently used to study cotransmission, particularly in its relation to the "classical" neurotransmitter norepinephrine, in mediating sympathetic vasoconstriction (6-9) . Although the role of NPY as a modulator of coreleased transmitter remains a focus for many investigators, it has been appreciated that NPY may also be an important messenger in its own right , perhaps particularly in the brain, where NP Y